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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027904
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
MRT-basierte Flussmessungen im Truncus pulmonalis zur Detektion einer pulmonal-arteriellen Hypertonie in Patienten mit zystischer Fibrose
MRI-Based Flow Measurements in the Main Pulmonary Artery to Detect Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Patients with Cystic FibrosisPublication History
eingereicht: 8.7.2008
angenommen: 3.10.2008
Publication Date:
19 December 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Die Entwicklung einer pulmonal-arteriellen Hypertension (PH) ist ein häufiges Problem im späten Krankheitsverlauf von Patienten mit zystischer Fibrose (CF). In dieser Untersuchung wurden MRT-basierte Flussmessungen (MRvenc; Velocity ENCoding) mit dem Ziel ausgewertet, Zeichen einer sich entwickelnden PH bei CF-Patienten zu detektieren. Material und Methoden: Bei 48 CF-Patienten im Alter zwischen 10 und 40 Jahren (Altersmedian: 16 Jahre), davon 25 weiblich, wurden MRT-basierte Flussmessungen im Truncus pulmonalis durchgeführt. Die mittlere FEV1 (forciertes expiratorisches Volumen in einer Sekunde) lag bei 74 % ± 23, der Shwachman-Score lag bei 63 ± 10. Die Flussdaten wurden mittels Phasenkontrast-Gradientenechosequenzen (TR: 9,6 ms, TE: 2,5 ms, Bandbreite: 1395 Hertz/Pixel) akquiriert. Die Ergebnisse wurden einer alters- und geschlechtsentsprechenden Vergleichsgruppe von 48 herz- und lungengesunden Probanden gegenübergestellt. Ausgewertet wurden Herzfrequenz (HF), Herzzeitvolumen (HZV), Akzelerationszeit (AT), relative Akzelerationszeit (ATr), mittlere systolische Blutflussgeschwindigkeit (MFG), maximale Flussgeschwindigkeit (Peak), maximaler Fluss (Flussmax), mittlerer Fluss (Flussmitt) und Distensibilität (Dist). Ergebnisse: Die Mittelwerte der getesteten Parameter wiesen nur für MFG, Flussmax und Dist signifikante Unterschiede auf, eine Trennung der beiden Gruppen war aber bei breiter Messwertstreuung nicht möglich. Allerdings konnten im Scatter-Plot (AT gegen MFG) 5 CF-Patienten identifiziert werden, die sichere Hinweise auf eine PH zeigten: AT = 81 ms ± 14, MFG = 46 ± 11 cm/s, Dist = 41 % ± 7. Diese Patienten wiesen im klinischen Gesamtkontext die schwersten Erkrankungssymptome auf, 2 davon waren zur Herz-Lungen-Transplantation gelistet. Der Vergleich dieser Subgruppe mit den übrigen CF-Patienten ergab einen hochsignifikanten Unterschied für die AT (p = 0,000001) ohne Überlappung der Messbereiche. Schlussfolgerung: Die MRvenc der Lungenarterie ist nicht für ein Screening von CF-Patienten auf PH geeignet. In späteren Stadien der Erkrankung kann sie aber anhand AT, MFG und Dist zur Detektion, Verlaufs- und Therapiekontrolle der PH eingesetzt werden. Die Flussmessung im TP ergänzt die magnetresonanztomografische Verlaufskontrolle von Lungenparenchymveränderungen bei CF.
Abstract
Purpose: Development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PH) is a common problem in the course of patients suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF). This study was performed to evaluate MRI based flow measurements (MRvenc; Velocity ENCoding) to detect signs of an evolving PH in patients suffering from CF. Materials and Methods: 48 patients (median age: 16 years, range: 10 – 40 years, 25 female) suffering from CF of different severity (mean FEV1: 74 % ± 23, mean Shwachman-score: 63 ± 10) were examined using MRI based flow measurements of the main pulmonary artery (MPA). Phase-contrast flash sequences (TR: 9.6 ms, TE: 2.5 ms, bandwidth: 1395 Hertz/Pixel) were utilized. Results were compared to an age- and sex-matched group of 48 healthy subjects. Analyzed flow data where: heart frequency (HF), cardiac output (HZV), acceleration time (AT), proportional acceleration time related to heart rate (ATr), mean systolic blood velocity (MFG), peak velocity (Peak), maximum fow (Flussmax), mean flow (Flussmitt) and distensibility (Dist). Results: The comparison of means revealed significant differences only for MFG, Flussmax and Dist, but overlap was marked. However, using a scatter-plot of AT versus MFG, it was possible to identify five CF-patients demonstrating definite signs of PH: AT = 81 ms ± 14, MFG = 46 ± 11 cm/s, Dist = 41 % ± 7. These CF-patients where the most severely affected in the investigated group, two of them were listed for complete heart and lung transplantation. The comparison of this subgroup and the remaining CF-patients revealed a highly significant difference for the AT (p = 0.000001) without overlap. Conclusion: Screening of CF-patients for the development of PH using MRvenc of the MPA is not possible. In later stages of disease, the quantification of AT, MFG and Dist in the MPA may be useful for the detection, follow-up and control of therapy of PH. MRvenc of the MPA completes the MRI-based follow-up of lung parenchyma damage in patients suffering from CF.
Key words
cardiac - blood vessels - thorax - hypertension - MR functional imaging
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PD Dr. Nasreddin Abolmaali
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