In vivo Efficacy of Calceolarioside A against Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis

Abstract

Bioactivity-guided fractionation has led to the successful isolation of calceolarioside A (1) from the methanolic extract of night jasmine leaves. The in vitro antileishmanial activity of compound 1 was determined (IC₅₀ = 20 μg/mL). Its in vivo efficacy was noted at 20 mg/kg body weight when it reduced the hepatic and splenic parasite burden by 79 and 84 %, respectively, in an established model of L. donovani Ag83 infected golden hamster. Furthermore, synergistic potentiations of compound 1 at 20 mg/kg body weight and SAG at 5 mg/kg body weight showed a significant reduction of hepatic and splenic parasite burden. No cytotoxicity was observed against the U937 cell line. This is the first report describing the isolation of compound 1 from N. arbor-tristis L. and the first demonstration of its potent activity against visceral leishmaniasis.

Abbreviations

ABTS:2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)

Cal A:calceolarioside A

DMSO:dimethyl sulphoxide

HOLC:high pressure liquid chromatography

K. Glucoside:kaempferol 3-β-D-glucoside

LDU:leishman donovan unit

PE:semi pure bioactive fraction

SAG:sodium antimony gluconate

Key words

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. - Oleaceae - night jasmine leaf - calceolarioside A - visceral leishmaniasis - U937 cell line

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