Normobare Hypoxie: Aktuelle Implikationen für Pneumologie und Leistungsdiagnostik

Zusammenfassung

Die „Intermittierende Hypoxie” besitzt als ergänzende Trainingsform ein großes Potenzial. Studien belegen nachweislich eine verbesserte Lungenfunktion und Sauerstoffaufnahmefähigkeit (VO₂ max.) bei Anwendung. Die Frage nach neuen Konzepten zur Effizienzsteigerung des Höhentrainings, vor allem in Hinsicht auf den enormen pekuniären und logistischen Aufwand, der für das Höhentraining betrieben wird, stellt sich in den letzten Jahren zunehmend. Das „Intermittierende-Hypoxie-Training” (IHT) ist eine neue und alternative Form des Höhentrainings. Zielsetzung ist die Ökonomisierung des derzeit wirksamsten und am besten evaluierten Prinzips, dem „Live High - Train Low” (LHTL). Hierbei wird versucht das Training im Flachland, das normale Training (TL), durch kurze intensive Aufenthalte in einer normobaren Hypoxie zu ergänzen, mit dem Ziel, bei geringstem Zeit- und Kostenaufwand, eine dem Höhenaufenthalt (LH) assoziierte Erythropoese zu generieren. Die vorliegende Arbeit analysiert die Ergebnisse ausgewählter Studien des IHT in Hinsicht auf Leistungssteigerungen im Allgemeinen und hämatologische Veränderungen im Speziellen.

Abstract

Intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) plays an important role concerning methods of training. Considering the enormous logistic and pecuniary investments for altitude training, there is a high demand for more efficient concepts. The intermittent hypoxic training is a new, alternative form of altitude training. The idea of IHT is to economise the currently most reliable and evaluated method which is known as “live high - train low” (LHTL). Thus, IHT combines a normal training at sea level with short training sessions in a chamber that creates a hypoxic but normobaric environment. Its aim is to initiate a similar level of erythropoesis as that usually achieved through long stays in high altitude with a minimised effort. This study analyses the results of selected studies that deal with IHT, evaluating the performance improvements in general and possible haematological variances/changes specifically.

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