RSS-Feed abonnieren
DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1038217
Abhängigkeitserkrankungen im Kontext der Tiefen Hirnstimulation – eine literaturgestützte systematische Auswertung
Deep Brain Stimulation in the Context of Addiction – A Literature-Based Systematic EvaluationPublikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
04. Juli 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die Tiefe Hirnstimulation (THS) ist mittlerweile als Therapieoption bei Morbus Parkinson und essenziellem Tremor etabliert. Erfolgreiche Behandlungen an kleineren Patientengruppen mit Dystonien, Cluster-Kopfschmerz und Tourette-Syndrom sowie mit Zwangsstörungen und Depressionen lassen eine zukünftige Indikationserweiterung erwarten. In diesem Kontext wird auch ein Nutzen der THS bei Abhängigkeitserkrankungen diskutiert. Ziel und Methode: Zur Erfassung potenzieller Auswirkungen der THS unterschiedlicher Zielregionen auf Abhängigkeitserkrankungen wurde eine stichwortbezogene Pubmed-Recherche (National Library of Medicine, Washington) durchgeführt und auf eigene Studien zurückgegriffen. Ergebnisse: Es ließen sich ausschließlich Kasuistiken und Fallserienstudien ermitteln, die über insgesamt n = 28 Patienten berichten. Dabei fanden sich folgende Assoziationen: Abhängigkeit von Dopaminersatztherapie und pathologisches Glücksspiel mit einer THS im Nucleus subthalamicus (STN) sowie stoffgebundene Abhängigkeiten von Alkohol, Nikotin und Heroin mit einer THS im Nucleus accumbens (NAc). Schlussfolgerung: Bei einer THS des STN sind Remissionen von pathologischem Spielen und der Abhängigkeit von Dopaminersatztherapie bei der Grunderkrankung Morbus Parkinson beschrieben. Hier ist als Wirkmechanismus jedoch die der THS folgende Reduktion der Parkinson-spezifischen Medikation anzunehmen. Bei einer THS des NAc sind erfolgreiche Remissionen von Alkohol-, Nikotin- und Heroinabhängigkeit bei unterschiedlichsten Grunderkrankungen beschrieben. Dies weist im Gegensatz zur THS des STN auf potenzielle, womöglich supportive Effekte hin. Die genauen Wirkmechanismen sind noch nicht verstanden, eine hohe Abstinenzmotivation der Patienten scheint jedoch von Bedeutung für die Wirkung der THS des NAc zu sein.
Abstract
Background: Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is established as option to treat Parkinson’s Disease and essential tremor by now. Successful treatments of small samples suffering from dystonia, cluster headache or Tourette’s Syndrome or from obessive-compulsive disorders and depression make a future extension of indication seem probable. In this context the efficiency of DBS for the treatment of addiction is being discussed. Aim and Methods: To assess the potential effects of DBS of different target areas on addiction a keyword-related research in Pubmed (National Library of Medicine, Washington) was undertaken and own research was integrated. Findings: Only case reports and case series were being found, describing in total n = 28 patients. Dopamine replacement therapy dependence (DRTD) and pathological gambling (PG) were reported in conjunction with DBS of the nucleus subthalamicus (STN). Addiction to alcohol, nicotine and heroin were reported in conjunction with DBS of the nucleus accumbens (NAc). These findings were collected in a spreadsheet and discussed. Conclusions: For STN DBS remissions of PG and DRTD are only reported during the underlying treatment of Parkinson’s disease. As method of action therefore the reduction of Parkinsonian medication seems more probable. For NAc DBS remissions of addiction to alcohol, nicotine and heroin are reported during the underlying treatment of heterogonous psychiatric disorders. In contrast to STN DBS this refers to possible, maybe supportive effects of NAc DBS. The exact methods of action are not well understood, but an high motivation of the patients to stay abstinent seems to be of relevance for the effect of NAc DBS.
Schlüsselwörter
Abhängigkeit - Sucht - Tiefe Hirnstimulation - pathologisches Glücksspiel
Key words
addiction - dependence - deep brain stimulation - pathological gambling
Literatur
- 1 WHO .International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. 10th Revision In: WHO. 2007
MissingFormLabel
- 2 APA .Diagnostische Kriterien des Diagnostischen und statistischen Manuals Psychischer Störungen
DSM-IV-TR. Göttingen: Hogrefe 2003
MissingFormLabel
- 3
Koob G F, Le Moal M.
Drug addiction, dysregulation of reward, and allostasis.
Neuropsychopharmacology.
2001;
24
97-129
MissingFormLabel
- 4
Everitt B J, Robbins T W.
Neural systems of reinforcement for drug addiction: from actions to habits to compulsion.
Nat Neurosci.
2005;
8
1481-1489
MissingFormLabel
- 5
Lawrence A D, Evans A H, Lees A J.
Compulsive use of dopamine replacement therapy in Parkinson's disease: reward systems
gone away?.
Lancet Neurol.
2003;
2
595-604
MissingFormLabel
- 6
Burn D J, Troster A I.
Neuropsychiatric complications of medical and surgical therapies for Parkinson's disease.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol.
2004;
17
172-180
MissingFormLabel
- 7
Bearn J, Evans A, Kelleher M. et al .
Recognition of a dopamine replacement therapy dependence syndrome in Parkinson's disease:
a pilot study.
Drug Alcohol Depend.
2004;
76
305-310
MissingFormLabel
- 8
Ardouin C, Voon V, Worbe Y. et al .
Pathological gambling in Parkinson's disease improves on chronic subthalamic nucleus
stimulation.
Mov Disord.
2006;
21
1941-1946
MissingFormLabel
- 9
Bandini F, Primavera A, Pizzorno M. et al .
Using STN DBS and medication reduction as a strategy to treat pathological gambling
in Parkinson's disease.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord.
2007;
13
369-371
MissingFormLabel
- 10
Smeding H M, Goudriaan A E, Foncke E M. et al .
Pathological gambling after bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson
disease.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.
2007;
78
517-519
MissingFormLabel
- 11
Gallagher D A, O'Sullivan S S, Evans A H. et al .
Pathological gambling in Parkinson's disease: Risk factors and differences from dopamine
dysregulation. An analysis of published case series.
Movement Disorders.
2007;
22
1757-1763
MissingFormLabel
- 12
Mamikonyan E, Siderowf A D, Duda J E. et al .
Long-term follow-up of impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease.
Movement Disorders.
2008;
23
75-80
MissingFormLabel
- 13
Lu C, Bharmal A, Suchowersky O.
Gambling and Parkinson disease.
Arch Neurol.
2006;
63
298
MissingFormLabel
- 14
Houeto J L, Mesnage V, Mallet L. et al .
Behavioral Disorders, Parkinson¿s Disease and subthalamic stimulation.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.
2002;
63
701-707
MissingFormLabel
- 15
Schüpbach W M, Chastan N, Welter M L. et al .
Stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease: a 5 year follow up.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.
2005;
76
1640-1644
MissingFormLabel
- 16
Evans A H, Lawrence A D, Potts J. et al .
Factors influencing susceptibility to compulsive dopaminergic drug use in Parkinson
disease.
Neurology.
2005;
65
1570-1574
MissingFormLabel
- 17
Kuhn J, Lenartz D, Huff W. et al .
Remission of alcohol dependency following deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens:
valuable therapeutic implications?.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.
2007;
78
1152-1153
MissingFormLabel
- 18 Kuhn J, Bauer R, Pohl S. et al .Deep Brain Stimulation of the Nucleus Accumbens and its Influence on Nicotine Consumption
through Cigarette Smoking: a retrospective observation. submitted 2008
MissingFormLabel
- 19 Yu J, Guisong W. Therapeutic Effect of Deep Brain Stimulation of the Nucleus Accumbens on Refractory
Drug Addiction. In, 8th world congress, International neuromodulation society. Acapulco, Mexico 2007
MissingFormLabel
- 20
Liu H-Y, Jin J, Tang J-S. et al .
Chronic deep brain stimulation in the rat nucleus accumbens and its effect on morphine
reinforcement.
Addiction Biology.
2008;
13
40-46
MissingFormLabel
- 21
Gao G, Wang X, He S. et al .
Clinical study for alleviation opiate drug psychological depence by a method of ablating
the nucleus accumbens with stereotactic surgery.
Stereotact Funt Neurosurg.
2003;
81
96-104
MissingFormLabel
- 22
Okun M S, Mann G, Foote K D. et al .
Deep brain stimulation in the internal capsule and nucleus accumbens region: responses
observed during active and sham programming.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.
2007;
78
310-314
MissingFormLabel
- 23
Schlaepfer T E, Cohen M X, Frick C. et al .
Deep brain stimulation to reward circuitry alleviates anhedonia in refractory major
depression.
Neuropsychopharmacology.
2008;
33
368-377
MissingFormLabel
- 24
Funkiewiez A, Claire A, Paul K. et al .
Acute psychotropic effects of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation and levodopa
in Parkinson's disease.
Movement Disorders.
2003;
18
524-530
MissingFormLabel
- 25
Funkiewiez A, Ardouin C, Caputo E. et al .
Long term effects of bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation on cognitive function,
mood, and behaviour in Parkinson's disease.
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.
2004;
75
834-839
MissingFormLabel
- 26
Morgan J C, diDonato C J, Jenkins P D. et al .
Self-Stimulatory Behavior Associated With Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson¿s Disease.
Movement Disorders.
2006;
21
283-285
MissingFormLabel
- 27
Portenoy R K, Jarden J O, Sidtis J J. et al .
Compulsive Thalamic Self-Stimulation: a Case with Metabolic, Electrophysiologic and
Behavioral Correlates.
Pain.
1986;
27
277-290
MissingFormLabel
- 28
Schmidt B, Richter-Rau G, Thoden U.
Suchtähnliches Verhalten bei Selbstreizung des mediobasalen Thalamus mit intracerebralen
Dauerelektroden.
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience.
1981;
230
55-61
MissingFormLabel
- 29
Witjas T, Baunez C, Henry J M. et al .
Addiction in Parkinson¿s Disease: Impact of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation.
Movement Disorders.
2005;
20
1052-1055
MissingFormLabel
- 30
Hall W.
Stereotactic neurosurgical treatment of addiction: minimizing the chances of another
‘great and desperate cure’.
Addiction.
2006;
101
1-3
MissingFormLabel
- 31
Roberts L W.
Addiction and Consent.
American Journal of Bioethics.
2002;
2
58-60
MissingFormLabel
- 32 EGE .The ethical aspects of ICT implants in the human body. Luxemburg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities 2004
MissingFormLabel
- 33
Carter A, Hall W.
The social implications of neurobiological explanations of resistible compulsions.
Am J Bioeth.
2007;
7
15-17
MissingFormLabel
- 34
Ford P J, Kubu C S.
Ameliorating and Exacerbating: Surgical Prosthesis in Addiction.
American Journal of Bioethics.
2007;
7
32-34
MissingFormLabel
Dr. med. Jens Kuhn
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Klinikum der Universität Köln
Kerpener Straße 62
50924 Köln
eMail: Jens.Kuhn@uk-koeln.de