Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Hydroxyapatite on Human Umbilical Cord Vein Endothelial Cells for Mechanical Heart Valve Prosthesis Applications

Abstract

Background: Valvular heart disease is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Artificial heart valves are currently the most widely accepted biomedical material. However, the material's blood compatibility is still not sufficient. Biomaterial with a good biocompatibility has not yet appeared. Our initial study was to evaluate the probable cytotoxicity of hydroxyapatite (HA) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) for mechanical heart valve prosthesis applications. Methods and Results: Cell growth was tested by MTT assay and the cell relative growth rate (RGR) was calculated. Cells were cultured in media consisting of either leaching extracts of hydroxyapatite at 37 °C or leaching extracts at 121 °C or a negative and a positive control group, respectively. The cytotoxicity was graded using generally accepted standards. The RGR of cell lines cultured in the culture media consisting of either normal or heat temperature leaching extracts of hydroxyapatite and the negative controls were higher than in the positive controls. For 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h cultures, the cytotoxicity grade of HA was 0 in the normal temperature leaching extracts of hydroxyapatite and 1 in the heat temperature leaching extracts of hydroxyapatite. Conclusions: Human umbilical cord endothelial cells grew well in the HA extracts. Our results indicate that HA possesses good in vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility with human umbilical cord endothelial cells and could be used as film on mechanical heart valve prostheses.

Key words

MTT assay - hydroxyapatite - biocompatibility - human umbilical vein endothelial cells - mechanical heart valve prostheses

References

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