Massive Bilateral Nephromegaly in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Case Report

Introduction

Acute leukemia is the most common childhood malignancy, accounting for about one-third of all pediatric cancers. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) constitutes about 75 % of childhood leukemias [11]. The disease involves the bone marrow and blood but occasionally presents with nodal or extranodal sites including renal involvement.

The most common sites of extramedullary involvement in ALL are the liver, spleen or lymph nodes; however, as many as 30 % of patients presenting with ALL in one study had renal involvement and about 10 % presented with bilateral nephromegaly. We report a rare case of a 15-month-old child with massive bilateral nephromegaly and pre-B cell ALL.

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