Leichte kognitive Beeinträchtigungen und Demenzentwicklung

Zusammenfassung

Anliegen Untersuchung von Prävalenz und Demenzentwicklung leichter kognitiver Beeinträchtigungen nach dem Konzept Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Methoden 980 Personen ab 75 Jahren (LEILA-75+ Studie) wurden in 6 Jahren regelmäßig klinisch interviewt und getestet. Ergebnisse Je nach Definition betrug die Prävalenz von MCI 19,3 – 41,5 %. MCI-Subtypen mit Gedächtnisbeeinträchtigungen waren mit Relativen Risiken von mehr als drei für eine Demenz verbunden. Schlussfolgerung MCI stellt v. a. bei Beeinträchtigungen des Gedächtnisses einen Hochrisikofaktor für eine Demenz dar.

Abstract

Objective In order to identify mildly cognitively impaired subjects, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) represents a current and well-discussed concept. Prevalence and conversion rates, relative risks and data on the sensitivity and specifity of MCI for the development of dementia will be calculated. Methods 980 subjects aged 75 years and over who participated in the Leipzig Longitudinal Study of the Aged (LEILA 75+) were clinically interviewed and cognitively tested at regularly intervals over a mean period of six years. Results At baseline, the prevalence of MCI was 19.3 %, including (original) and 41.5 % excluding (modified) the criterion of subjective cognitive complaints. Diagnoses of original and modified amnestic MCI-subtypes were associated with relative risks of more than three for the development of dementia. Conclusions MCI represents a risk factor for dementia, mainly if the cognitive impairments are related to the area of memory. However, in order to predict dementia reliably, further findings (e. g. biomarkers) are required.

Schlüsselwörter

Mild Cognitive Impairment - Prävalenz - Verlauf - Demenz - Relatives Risiko

Key words

Mild Cognitive Impairment - prevalence - outcome - dementia - relative risk

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