Den stoffgebundenen Süchten liegen ätiologisch komplexe Interaktionen von genetischen
und umweltbedingten Faktoren zugrunde. Sucht bezeichnet das unabweisbare Verlangen
nach einem bestimmten Erlebniszustand. Die Charakterisierung und Identifizierung der
neurobiologischen Grundlagen, die dieses Verlangen und davon abgeleitete Verhaltensmuster
determinieren, ist von herausragender Bedeutung. Im Mittelpunkt aktueller wissenschaftlicher
Untersuchungen stehen daher neurobiologische Erkenntnisse zum Themengebiet der epigenomischen
und genomischen Forschung, die sowohl neue Erkenntnisse zum Verständnis des Alkoholverlangens
(Craving) als auch zur bekannten reduzierten zellulären Stressantwort bei Alkoholabhängigkeit
liefern.
Addictions to substances are based on etiologically complex interactions of genetic
and environmentally conditioned factors. Craving signifies an irresisitible desire
to experience a specific mental and/or physical condition. The characterization and
identification of the neurobiological fundamentals determining this desire and the
pertaining behavioural patterns are of utmost importance. Hence, neurobiological realizations
on the subject of epigenomic and genomic research are focal points of scientific research
yielding new knowledge for understanding such ”cravings” and the already well-known
reduced cellular response to the stress situation prevailing in addicts.
Key words
Addiction - craving - synuclein - stress - cellular response - epigenetic - DNA-methylation
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Korrespondenz
Prof. Dr. Stefan Bleich
Psychiatrische und Psychotherapeutische Klinik Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
Schwabachanlage 6
91054 Erlangen
eMail: stefan.bleich@uk-erlangen.de
