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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1077762
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Dermatoonkologie: Heutiger Stand und Perspektiven[*]
Dermatooncology: Present Status and PerspectivesPublication History
Publication Date:
28 November 2008 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Die Dermatoonkologie ist ein relativ junges Teilgebiet der Medizin,
das innerhalb der letzten Jahrzehnte eine Schlüsselrolle in unserem Fach
eingenommen hat. Die Gründe liegen sowohl im häufigeren Vorkommen von
Hautneoplasien in der Klinik, als auch in ihrer Bedeutung als intellektueller
Ansatz und Herausforderung für die Forschung. Die Rolle eines Katalysators
für diese Entwicklung spielten in Deutschland die 1980 ins Leben gerufene
„Kommission Malignes Melanom” der DDG wie auch die Gründung
eines MM-Zentralregisters 1982 in Berlin. Später kam die Gründung der
„Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologische Onkologie (ADO)”
dazu.
Die Bedeutung des UV-Lichtes als wichtiges Umwelt-Karzinogen,
die geradezu epidemische Ausbreitung von HPV und HIV, die neuen
molekularbiologischen Erkenntnisse und der klinische Einsatz diverser
anti-Wachstumsfaktoren, von Zytokinen etc., haben eine rasante Entwicklung in
der Diagnose und Therapie der wichtigsten Hauttumoren
eingeleitet.
Trotz aller Fortschritte stellt die therapeutische
Resistenz der Hautneoplasien weiterhin eine Herausforderung für die
Zukunft dar. Der Wert der HPV-Vakzination ist abzuwarten, die Tumor-Vakzination
blieb bisher enttäuschend. Derzeit erscheinen am ehesten multimodale Gen-
bzw. molekulare Ansätze in Verbindung mit klassischen Maßnahmen am
besten geeignet, um fortgeschrittene Hauttumoren anzugehen.
Auch die
Tumorpräventionsappelle scheinen bisher nur die risikoscheuen Individuen
anzusprechen, während die risikofreudigen davon unbeeinflusst bleiben.
Vielleicht wird es mittels Aufschlüsselung von Gen-Expressionsprofilen
möglich, die jeweiligen Risiko-Kollektive besser erkennbar zu machen und
eine gezielte Prävention zu betreiben.
Abstract
Dermatooncology is a rather new topic in our specialty; however, it
now plays a key role in Dermatology. This applies to the frequent occurrence of
skin tumours in our offices and hospitals, but also to its value as an
intellectual challenge for experimental skin research. In Germany, the early
creation of a Committee „Malignant Melanoma” of the German
Dermatological Society in 1980, and the foundation of a „Central
Register Malignant Melanoma” 1982 in Berlin have been catalytic for this
development. Later on, the German „Working Group on Dermatooncology
(ADO)” was founded.
The recognition of UV-light as an
important environmental carcinogen, the epidemic widespread of HPV and HIV, our
updated knowledge in molecular biology, and the clinical introduction of
various monoclonal antibodies to growth factors, cytokines etc. have greatly
contributed in improving our diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
Nevertheless, the therapeutic resistance of most skin tumours is still a
challenge for the future.
While the value of HPV vaccination is still
to be elucidated, tumour vaccination has been disappointing. Presently,
combined multimodal schedules of gene- resp. molecular agents together with
classical antitumour agents represent the most promising modalities for
treating progressed neoplasms.
Public actions to implement tumour
prevention seem to influence only a part of the public that is prepared to
accept light exposure as a risk, while the other remains irresponsive.
Possibly, gene- and molecular profiles may enable us to recognise the groups at
risk early, and introduce targeted tumour prevention.
1 Nach einem Vortrag gehalten anlässlich des Symposions „Moderne Aspekte der Dermatoonkologie” organisiert vom Tumorzentrum und der Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie – Immunologisches Zentrum, Städtisches Klinikum Dessau, März 2007.
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1 Nach einem Vortrag gehalten anlässlich des Symposions „Moderne Aspekte der Dermatoonkologie” organisiert vom Tumorzentrum und der Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie – Immunologisches Zentrum, Städtisches Klinikum Dessau, März 2007.
Prof. Dr. med. emer. C. E. Orfanos
Thunerstr.10
12205 Berlin
Email: constantin.orfanos@charite.de