Mechanisms of the priming effect of low doses of lipopolysaccharides on leukocyte-dependent platelet aggregation in whole blood

Giuseppe Montrucchio; Ornella Bosco; Lorenzo Del Sorbo; Paolo Fascio Pecetto; Enrico Lupia; Alberto Goffi; Paola Omedè; Giorgio Emanuelli; Giovanni Camussi

doi:10.1160/TH03-02-0085

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2003; 90(05): 872-881
DOI: 10.1160/TH03-02-0085

Platelets and Blood Cells

Schattauer GmbH

Mechanisms of the priming effect of low doses of lipopolysaccharides on leukocyte-dependent platelet aggregation in whole blood

Authors

Giuseppe Montrucchio

¹Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Italy
Ornella Bosco

¹Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Italy
Lorenzo Del Sorbo

¹Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Italy
Paolo Fascio Pecetto

¹Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Italy
Enrico Lupia

¹Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Italy
Alberto Goffi

¹Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Italy
Paola Omedè

²Division of Hematology, University of Turin, Italy
Giorgio Emanuelli

¹Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, University of Turin, Italy
Giovanni Camussi

³Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Italy

⁴Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CERMS), Azienda Ospedaliera S. Giovanni Battista, Turin, Italy

Abstract

Summary

Several studies focused on the ability of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in triggering platelet and/or leukocyte activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved in the aggregation of platelets and in their interaction with leukocytes in whole blood after stimulation with low doses of LPS.

LPS did not directly induce platelet aggregation in whole blood, but they primed the aggregation of platelets induced by epinephrine, adenosine diphosphate and arachidonic acid. As shown by cytofluorimetry, platelets neither bind FITC-LPS, nor express the LPS-receptors CD14 and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). On the contrary, LPS primed monocytes and to a lesser extent polymorphonuclear neutrophils to adhere to platelets. Both platelet-leukocyte interaction and platelet aggregation in whole blood were inhibited by blockade of CD14 and TLR4. Moreover, the interaction between platelets and leukocytes was inhibited by P-selectin, and by blockade of PAF and reactive oxygen species, suggesting a role of P-selectin and of leukocyte-derived mediators.

In conclusion, these results elucidate the mechanisms leading to platelet activation and interaction with leukocytes triggered by LPS. They suggest that the activation of platelets by LPS is mainly dependent on leukocytes and especially monocytes as a result of CD14 and TLR4 engagement. Moreover, we found that leukocyte-platelet interaction was triggered by the synthesis of PAF and the generation of oxygen radicals that induced upregulation of surface expression of P-selectin.

Keywords

Monocytes - platelet-activating factor - radical oxygen - CD14 - P-selectin - TLR-4

Full Text

References

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