Subscribe to RSS
Please copy the URL and add it into your RSS Feed Reader.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/en/10.1055-s-00035024.xml
Thromb Haemost 2009; 101(01): 23-30
DOI: 10.1160/TH08-06-0417
DOI: 10.1160/TH08-06-0417
Clinical Focus
Improving outcomes with antiplatelet therapies in percutaneous coronary intervention and stenting
Further Information
Publication History
Received:
28 June 2008
Accepted after major revision:
08 October 2008
Publication Date:
23 November 2017 (online)
-
References
- 1 Mahmoudi M, Curzen N, Gallagher PJ. Athero-genesis: the role of inflammation and infection. Histopathology 2007; 50: 535-546.
- 2 Patrono C, Bachmann F, Baigent C. et al. Expert Consensus Document on the Use of Antiplatelet Agents. Eur Heart J 2004; 25: 166-181.
- 3 CURE Steering Committee.. Effects of clopidogrel in addition in patients with acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation. N Engl J Med 2001; 345: 494-502.
- 4 Serruys PW, de Jaegere P, Kiemeneij F. et al. A comparison of balloon-expandable-stent implantation with balloon angioplasty in patients with coronary artery disease. Benestent Study Group. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 489-495.
- 5 Schomig A, Neurnann FJ, Kastrati A. et al. A randomized comparison of antiplatlelet and anticoagulant therapy after the placement of coronary-artery stents. N Engl J Med 1996; 334: 1084-1089.
- 6 Leon MB, Baim DS, Popma JJ. et al for the STARS investigators. A clinical trial comparing three anti-thrombotic drug regimens after coronary-artery stenting. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 1665-1671.
- 7 Bertrand ME, Legrand V, Boland J. et al. Randomized multicentre comparison of conventional anticoagulation versus antiplatelet therapy in unplanned and elective coronary stenting. The full anticoagulation vs aspirin and Ticlopidine (FANTASTIC) study. Circulation 1998; 98: 1597-1603.
- 8 Bertrand ME, Rupprecht HJ, Urban P. et al. Double-blind study of the safety of clopidogrel with and without a loading dose in combination with aspirin compared with ticlopidine in combination with aspirin after coronary stenting : the clopidogrel aspirin stent international cooperative study (CLASSICS). Circulation 2000; 102: 624-629.
- 9 Richardson G, Curzen NP, Preston MA. et al. Failure to monitor ticlopidine: the case for clopidogrel. Int J Cardiovasc Intervent 2000; 03: 29-33.
- 10 Muller C, Buttner HJ, Peterson J. et al. A randomised comparison of clopidogrel and aspirin versus ticlopidine and aspirin after the placement of coronary-artery stents. Circulation 2000; 101: 590-593.
- 11 Moussa I, Oetgen M, Roubin G. et al. Effectiveness of clopidogrel and aspirin versus ticlopidine and aspirin in preventing stent thrombosis after coronary stent implantation. Circulation 1999; 99: 2364-2366.
- 12 Bhatt DL, Bertrand ME, Berger PB. et al. Meta-analysis of randomized and registry comparisons of ticlopidine with clopidogrel after stenting. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39: 9-14.
- 13 Taniuchi M, Kurz HI, Lasala JM. Randomized trial of ticlopidine and clopidogrel after intracoronary stent implantation in a broad patient population. Circulation 2001; 104: 539-543.
- 14 Iakovou I, Schmidt T, Bonizzoni E. et al. Incidence, Predictors, and Outcome of Thrombosis After Successful Implantation of Drug-Eluting Stents. J Am Med Assoc 2005; 293: 2126-2130.
- 15 May AE, Geisler T, Gawag M. Individualised anti-thrombotic therapy in high risk patients after coronary stenting. A double-edged sword between thrombosis and bleeding. Thromb Haemost 2008; 99: 637-639.
- 16 Moscucci M, Fox KAA, Cannon CP. et al. Predictors of major bleeding in acute coronary syndromes: the Global Ragistry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE). Eur Heart J 2003; 24: 1815-1823.
- 17 Yang X, Alexander KP, Chen AY. et al. The implications of blood transfusions for patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: Results from the CRUSADE National Quality Improvement Initiative. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1490-1495.
- 18 Manoukian SV, Feit F, Mehran R. et al. Impact of major bleeding on 30-day mortality and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes: an analysis from the ACUITY trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 49: 1362-1368.
- 19 Feit F, Voeltz MD, Attubato MJ. et al. Predictors and impact of major haemorrhage on mortality following percutaneous coronary intervention from the REPLACE-2 trial. Am J Cardiol 2007; 100: 1364-1369.
- 20 Rao SV, O’Grady K, Pieper KS. et al. Impact of bleeding severity on clinical outcome among patients with acute coronary syndromes. Am J Cardiol 2005; 96: 1200-1206.
- 21 Bhatt DL, Fox KAA, Hacke W. et al. Clopidogrel and aspirin versus aspirin alone for the prevention of atherothrombotic events. N Engl J Med 2006; 354: 1706-1717.
- 22 Stone GW, McLaurin BT, Cox DA. et al for the ACUITY investigators. Bivalirudin for patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 853-863.
- 23 Dawkins KD, Gershlick T, de Belder M. et al. Joint Working Group on Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society and the British Cardiac Society. Percutaneous coronary intervention: recommendations for good practice and training. Heart 2005; 91 (Suppl. 06) vi1-27.
- 24 Eikelboom JW, Hirsh J, Weitz JI. et al. Aspirin-resistant thromboxane biosynthesis and the risk of myocardial infarction, stroke or cardiovascular death in patients at high risk for cardiovascular events. Circulation 2002; 105: 1650-1655.
- 25 Antithrombotic Trialists’ Collaboration.. Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high risk patients. Br Med J 2002; 324: 71-86.
- 26 ISIS-2 (Second International Study of Infarct Survival) Collaborative Group.. Randomised trial of intravenous streptokinase, oral aspirin, both, or neither among 17,187 cases of suspected acute myocardial infarction: ISIS-2. Lancet 1988; 02: 349-360.
- 27 Smith Jr SC, Feldman TE, Hirshfeld Jr JW. ACC/ AHA/SCAI 2005 guideline update for percutaneous coronary intervention: a report of the Amercian College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (ACC/AHA/SCAI Writing Committee to Update 2001 Guidelines for Percutaneous Intervention). Circulation 2006; 113: e166-e286.
- 28 Silber S, Albertsson P, Aviles FF, Carnici PG, Columbo A, Hamm C, Jorgensen E, Marco J, Nordrehauq JE, Ruzyllo W, Urban P, Stone GW, Wijns W. Percutaneous coronary interventions: Guidelines for the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2005; 26: 804-847.
- 29 Sibbing D, Braun S, Jawansky S. et al. Assessment of ADP-induced platelet aggregation with light transmission aggregometry and multiple electrode platelet aggregometry before and after clopidogrel treatment. Thromb Haemost 2008; 09: 121-126.
- 30 Gum PA, Kottke-Marchant K, Poggio ED. et al. Profile and prevalence of aspirin resistance in patients with cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol 2001; 88: 230-235.
- 31 Christiaens L, Macchi L, Herpin D. et al. Resistance to aspirin in vitro at rest and during exercise in patients with angiographically proven coronary artery disease. Thromb Res 2002; 108: 115-119.
- 32 Anderson K, Hurlen M, Arnesen H. et al. Aspirin non-responsiveness as measured by PFA-100 in patients with coronary artery disease. Thromb Res 2003; 108: 37-42.
- 33 Lordkipanidzé M, Pharand C, Schampaert E. et al. A comparison of six major platelet function tests to determine the prevalence of aspirin resistance in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J 2007; 28: 1702-1708.
- 34 Schwartz KA, Schwartz DE, Ghosheh K. et al. Compliance as a critical consideration in patients who appear to be resistant to aspirin after healing of myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 2005; 95: 973-975.
- 35 Tantry US, Bliden KP, Gurbel PA. Overestimation of platelet aspirin resistance detection by thrombelasto-graph platelet mapping and validation by conventional aggregometry using arachadonic acid stimulation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1705-1709.
- 36 Crescente M, Di Castelnuovo A, Iacoviello L. et al. Response variability to aspirin as assessed by the platelet function analyzer (PFA)-100. A systematic review. Thromb Haemost 2008; 99: 14-26.
- 37 Chen WH, Lee PY, Ng W. et al. Aspirin resistance is associated with a high incidence of myonecrosis after non-urgent percutaneous intervention despite clopidogrel pre-treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43: 1122-1126.
- 38 Marcucci R, Paniccia R, Antonucci E. et al. Residual platelet reactivity is an independent predictor of myocardial injury in acute myocardial infarction patients on antiaggregant therapy. Thromb Haemost 2007; 98: 844-851.
- 39 Wenaweser P, Dorffler MJ, Imboden K. et al. Stent thrombosis is associated with an impaired response to antiplatelet therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 1748-1752.
- 40 Steinhubl SR, Berger PB, Mann JT. et al. Early and sustained dual oral antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous coronary intervention: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Assoc 2002; 288: 2411-2420.
- 41 Mehta SR, Yusuf S, Peters RJ. et al. Effects of pre-treatment with clopidogrel and aspirin followed by long-term therapy in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: the PCI-CURE study. Lancet 2001; 358: 527-533.
- 42 Steinhubl SR, Berger PB, Brennan DM. et al. Optimal timing for the initiation of pre-treatment with 300mg clopidogrel before PCI. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47: 939-943.
- 43 Kastrati A, Mehilli J, Schuhlen H. et al. Intracoronary Stenting and Antithrombotic Regimen-Rapid Early Action for Coronary Treatment Study Investigators. A clinical trial of abciximab in elective percutaneous coronary intervention after pretreatment with clopidogrel. N Engl J Med 2004; 350: 232-238.
- 44 Mehilli J, Kastrati A, Schühlen H. et al the Intracoronary Stenting and Antithrombotic Regimen: Is Abciximab a Superior Way to Eliminate Elevated Thrombotic Risk in Diabetics (ISAR-SWEET) Study Investigators.. Randomized clinical trial of abciximab in diabetic patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary interventions after treatment with a high loading dose of clopidogrel. Circulation 2004; 110: 3627-3635.
- 45 Patti G, Colonna G, Pasceri V. et al. Randomized trial of high loading dose of clopidogrel for reduction of periprocedural myocardial infarction in patients undergoing coronary intervention. Circulation 2005; 111: 2099-2106.
- 46 Cuisset T, Frere C, Quilici J. et al. Benefit of a 600-mg loading dose of clopidogrel on platelet reactivity and clinical outcomes in patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing coronary stenting. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 48: 1339-1345.
- 47 Spertus JA, Kettelkamp R, Vance C. et al. Prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of premature discontinuation of thienopyridine therapy after drug-eluting stent placement: results from the PREMIER registry. Circulation 2006; 113: 2803-2809.
- 48 Eisenstein EL, Anstrom KJ, Kong DF. et al. Clopidogrel use and long-term clinical outcomes after drug-eluting stent implantation. J Am Med Assoc 2007; 297: 159-168.
- 49 Harjai K. GHOST: outcomes of drug-eluting compared to bare metal stents from the Guthrie Health System (2–3 year follow-up). Presented at Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics (TCT) meeting, 20–25 October 2007, Washington.
- 50 Ho MP, Peterson ED, Wang L. et al. Incidence of death and acute myocardial infarction associated with stopping clopidogrel after acute coronary syndrome. J Am Med Assoc 2008; 299: 532-539.
- 51 Price MJ, Endemann S, Gollapudi RR. et al. Prognostic significance of post-clopidogrel platelet reactivity assessed by a point-of-care assay on thrombotic events after drug-eluting stent implantation. Eur Heart J 2008; 29: 992-1000.
- 52 Jaremo P, Lindahl TL, Fransson SG. et al. Individual variations of platelet inhibition after loading doses of clopidogrel. J Intern Med 2002; 252: 233-238.
- 53 Matetzky S, Shenkman B, Guetta V. et al. Clopidogrel resistance is associated with increased risk of recurrent atherothrombotic events in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Circulation 2004; 109: 3171-3175.
- 54 Serebruany VL, Steinhubl SR, Berger PB. et al. Variability in platelet responsiveness to clopidogrel among 544 individuals. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 246-251.
- 55 Mobley JE, Bresee SJ, Wortham DC. et al. Frequency of nonresponse antiplatelet activity of clopidogrel during pre-treatment for cardiac catheterisation. Am J Cardiol 2004; 93: 456-458.
- 56 Muller I, Besta F, Schulz C. et al. Prevalence of clopidogrel non-responders among patients with stable angina pectoris scheduled for elective coronary stent placement. Thromb Haemost 2003; 89: 783-787.
- 57 Swallow RA, Agarwala RA, Dawkins KD. et al. Thrombelastography: a novel bedside tool to assess the effects of antiplatelet therapy?. Platelets 2006; 17: 385-392.
- 58 Hobson AR, Petley G, Dawkins K. et al. A novel fifteen minute test for assessment of individual time-dependent clotting responses to aspirin and clopidogrel using modified thrombelastography. Platelets 2007; 18: 497-505.
- 59 Gurbel PA, Bliden KP, Hiatt BL. et al. Clopidogrel for coronary stenting: response variability, drug resistance and the effect of pre-treatment platelet reactivity. Circulation 2003; 107: 2908-2913.
- 60 Gurbel PA, Bliden KP, Hayes KM. et al. The relation of dosing to clopidogrel responsiveness and the incidence of high post-treatment platelet aggregation in patients undergoing coronary stenting. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 1392-1396.
- 61 Angiolillo DJ, Fernandez OA, Bernardo E. et al. High clopidogrel loading dose during coronary stenting: effects on drug response and interindiviual variability. Eur Heart J 2004; 25: 1903-1910.
- 62 Montalescot G, Sideris G, Meulernan C. et al. A randomized comparison of high clopidogrel loading doses in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: the ALBION (Assessment of the best loading dose of clopidogrel to blunt platelet activation, inflammation and ongoing necrosis) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 48: 931-938.
- 63 Von Beckerath N, Taubert D, Pogatsa-Murray G. et al. Absorption, metabolization, and antiplatelet effects of 300-, 600-, and 900-mg loading doses of clopidogrel. Results from the ISAR-CHOICE trial. Circulation 2005; 112: 2946-2950.
- 64 Price MJ, Coleman JL, Steinhubl SR. et al. Onset and offset of platelet inhibition after high-dose clopidogrel loading and standard daily therapy measured by a point-of-care assay in healthy volunteers. Am J Cardiol 2006; 98: 681-684.
- 65 L’Allier PL, Ducrocq G, Pranno N. et al for the PREPAIR study investigators. Clopidogrel 600-Mg double loading dose achieves stronger platelet inhibition than conventional regimens. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008; 51: 1066-1072.
- 66 Von Beckerath N, Kastrati A, Wieczorek A. et al. A double-blind, randomized study on platelet aggregation in patients treated with a daily dose of 150mg or 75mg od clopidogrel for 30 days. Eur Heart J 2007; 28: 1814-1819.
- 67 Angiolillo DJ, Bernardo E, Palaguelos J. et al. Functional impact of high clopidogrel maintenance dosing in patients undergoing elective percutaneous intervention. Thromb Haemost 2008; 99: 161-168.
- 68 Gurbel PA, Bliden KP, Gruger K. et al. Platelet Reactivity in Patients and Recurrent Events Post-Stenting: Results of the PREPARE POST-STENTING STUDY. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1820-1826.
- 69 Hochholzer W, Trenk D, Frundi D. et al. Time dependence of platelet inhibition after a 600-mg loading dose of clopidogrel in a large, unselected cohort of candidates for percutaneous intervention. Circulation 2005; 111: 2560-2564.
- 70 Geisler T, Langer H, Wydymus M. et al. Low response to clopidogrel is associated with cardiovascular outcome after coronary artery stent implantation. Eur Heart J 2006; 27: 2420-2425.
- 71 Frere C, Cuisset T, Qulici J. et al. ADP-induced platelet aggregation and platelet reactivity index VSP are good predictive markers for clinical outcome in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome. Thromb Haemost 2007; 98: 838-843.
- 72 Barragan P, Bouvier JL, Roquebert PO. et al. Resistance to thienopyridines: clinical detection of coronary Stent Thrombosis by monitoring of Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein Phosphorylation. Catheter Cardiovasc Intev 2003; 59: 295-302.
- 73 Gurbel PA, Bliden KP, Samara W. et al. Clopidogrel effect on platelet reactivity in patients with stent thrombosis: results of the CREST Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46: 1827-1832.
- 74 Ajzenberg N, Aubry P, Huisse MG. et al. Enhanced Shear-induced Platelet Aggregation in patients who experience subacute stent thrombosis: a case control study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 1753-1756.
- 75 Ruef J, Kranzhofer R. Coronary stent thrombosis related to aspirin resistance: what are the underlying mechanisms?. J Interv Cardiol 2006; 19: 507-509.
- 76 Buonamici P, Marcucci R, Migliorini A. et al. Impact of platelet reactivity after clopidogrel administration on drug-eluting stent thrombosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 49: 2312-2317.
- 77 Schäfer A, Bonz AW, Eigenthaler M. et al. Late thrombosis of a drug-eluting stent during combined anti-platelet therapy in a clopidogrel nonresponsive diabetic patient: shall we routinely test platelet function?. Thromb Haemost 2007; 97: 856-862.
- 78 Morel O, Faure A, Ohlmann P. et al. Impaired platelet responsiveness to clopidogrel identified by flow cytometric vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) phosphorylation in patients with subacute stent thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 2007; 98: 896-899.
- 79 Blindt R, Stellbrink K, de Taeye A. et al. The significance of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein for risk stratification of stent thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 2007; 98: 1329-1334.
- 80 Hobson AR, Petley G, Morton G. et al. Point-of-care platelet function assays demonstrate reduced responsiveness to clopidogrel, but not aspirin, in patients with Drug-Eluting Stent Thrombosis whilst on dual antiplatelet therapy. Thromb J 2008; 06: 1.
- 81 Neubauer H, Lask S, Engelhardt A. et al. How to optimise clopidogrel therapy? Reducing the low-response incidence by aggregometry-guided therapy modification. Thromb Haemost 2008; 99: 357-362.
- 82 Lee BK, Lee SW, Park SW. et al. Effects of triple antiplatelet therapy (aspirin, clopidogrel, and cilostazol) on platelet aggregation and p-selectin expression in patients undergoing coronary artery stent implantation. Am J Cardiol 2007; 100: 610-614.
- 83 Jakubowski JA, Payne CD, Li YG. et al. The use of the VerifyNow P2Y12 point-of-care device to monitor platelet function across a range of P2Y12 inhibition levels following prasugrel and clopidogrel administration. Thromb Haemost 2008; 99: 409-415.
- 84 Bonello L. Platelet monitoring of clopidogrel response using VASP phosphorylation index decrease rate of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with clopidogrel resistance: a multicenter randomized prospective study. American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions/i2 Summit-SCAI Annual Meeting. Chicago, IL: 2008 Late Breaking Clinical Trials I.
- 85 Brandt JT, Payne CD, Wiviott SD. et al. A comparison of presugrel and clopidogrel loading doses on platelet function: magnitude of platelet inhibition is related to active metabolite formation. Am Heart J 2007; 153: e9-16.
- 86 Wiviott SD, Brauwald E, McCabe CH. et al for the TRITON-TIMI 38 Investigators. Prasugrel vs clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 2007; 357: 2001-2015.
- 87 Husted S, Emanuelsson H, Hepinstall S. et al. Pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and safety of the oral reversible P2Y12 antagonist AZD6140 with aspirin in patients with atherosclerosis: a double-blind comparison to clopidogrel with aspirin. Eur Heart J 2006; 27: 1038-1047.
- 88 Greenbaum AB, Grines CL, Bittl JA. et al. Initial experience with an intravenous P2Y12 platelet receptor antagonist in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: results from a 2-part, phase II, multi-centre, randomized, placebo- and active-controlled trial. Am Heart J 2006; 151: e1-689.
- 89 Thaulow E, Erikssen J, Sandvik L. et al. Blood platelet count and function are related to total and cardiovascular death in apparently healthy men. Circulation 1991; 84: 613-617.
- 90 Iijima R, Ndrepepa G, Mehilli J. et al. Relationship between platelet count and 30-day clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary interventions. Pooled analysis of four ISAR trials. Thromb Haemost 2007; 98: 852-857.
- 91 Hobson AR, Agarwala RA, Swallow RA. et al. Thrombelastography: Current clinical applications and its potential role in interventional cardiology. Platelets 2006; 17: 509-518.
- 92 Hobson AR, Dawkins KD, Curzen NP. Antiplatelet effects of licking an aspirin tablet can be detected by thrombelastography. Acute Card Care 2008; 10: 62-63.
- 93 Hobson AR, Qureshi Z, Banks P. et al. Anti-platelet effects of aspirin are modified by clopidogrel: Assessment of a clinically relevant interaction using short thrombelastography. (Abstr) Heart 2008; 94 Suppl II A125.
- 94 Fujii K, Carlier S, Mintz G. et al. Stent underexpansion and residual reference vessel stenosis are associated with stent thrombosis after successful sirolimuseluting stent implantation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 995-998.
- 95 Aoki J, Serruys PW, van Beusekom H. et al. Endothelial progenitor cell capture by stents coated with antibody against CD 34. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 45: 1574-1579.
- 96 Hobson AR, McKenzie D, Kunadian V. et al. Malignancy: An unrecognised risk factor for coronary stent thrombosis?. J Inv Cardiol 2008; 20: E120-123.
- 97 Serebruany V, Pokor I, Kuliczkoski W. et al. Baseline platelet activity and response to clopidogrel in 257 diabetics among 822 patients with coronary artery disease. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 76-82.
- 98 Hochholzer W, Trenk D, Bestehorn HP. et al. Impact of the degree of peri-interventional platelet inhibition after loading with clopidogrel on early clinical outcome of elective coronary stent placement. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 07: 1742-1750.
- 99 Cheng X, Chen WH, Lee PY. et al. Prevalence, profile, predictors, and natural history of aspirin resistance measured by the Ultegra Rapid Platelet Function Assay-ASA in patients with coronary heart disease. Circulation 2005; 111: e339.