Thromb Haemost 2008; 100(06): 965-968
DOI: 10.1160/TH08-11-0735
Theme Issue Editorial
Schattauer GmbH

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1): A molecule at the crossroads to cell survival or cell death

Thomas Kietzmann
1   Department of Chemistry/Biochemistry, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
,
Peter Andreasen
2   Department of Molecular and Structural Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 11 November 2008

Accepted: 11 November 2008

Publication Date:
23 November 2017 (online)

 
  • References

  • 1 Andreasen PA, Egelund R, Petersen HH. The plasminogen activation system in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2000; 57: 25-40.
  • 2 Wigler M, Ford JP, Weinstein IB. Glucocorticoid inhibition of the fibrinolytic activity of tumor cells. Proteases and biological control. New York: Cold Spring Harbor; 1975: 849-856.
  • 3 Seifert SC, Gelehrter TD. Mechanism of dexamethasone inhibition of plasminogen activator in rat hepatoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1978; 75: 6130-6133.
  • 4 Andreasen PA, Riccio A, Welinder KG. et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1: reactive center and amino-terminal heterogeneity determined by protein and cDNA sequencing. FEBS Lett 1986; 209: 213-218.
  • 5 Ginsburg D, Zeheb R, Yang AY. et al. cDNA cloning of human plasminogen activator-inhibitor from endothelial cells. J Clin Invest 1986; 78: 1673-1680.
  • 6 Ny T, Sawdey M, Lawrence D. et al. Cloning and sequence of a cDNA coding for the human beta-migrating endothelial-cell-type plasminogen activator inhibitor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1986; 83: 6776-6780.
  • 7 Pannekoek H, Veerman H, Lambers H. et al. Endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI): a new member of the Serpin gene family. EMBO J 1986; 05: 2539-2544.
  • 8 Wun TC, Kretzmer KK. cDNA cloning and expression in E. coli of a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) related to a PAI produced by Hep G2 hepatoma cell. FEBS Lett 1987; 210: 11-16.
  • 9 Huntington JA. Shape-shifting serpins--advantages of a mobile mechanism. Trends Biochem Sci 2006; 31: 427-435.
  • 10 Dimova EY, Samoylenko A, Kietzmann T. Oxidative stress and hypoxia: implications for plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression. Antioxid Redox Signal 2004; 06: 777-791.
  • 11 Schleef RR, Higgins DL, Pillemer E. et al. Bleeding diathesis due to decreased functional activity of type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor. J Clin Invest 1989; 83: 1747-1752.
  • 12 Dellas C, Loskutoff DJ. Historical analysis of PAI-1 from its discovery to its potential role in cell motility and disease. Thromb Haemost 2005; 93: 631-640.
  • 13 Juhan VI, Roul C, Alessi MC. et al. Increased plasminogen activator inhibitor activity in non insulin dependent diabetic patients--relationship with plasma insulin. Thromb Haemost 1989; 61: 370-373.
  • 14 Schneider DJ, Nordt TK, Sobel BE. Attenuated fibrinolysis and accelerated atherogenesis in type II diabetic patients. Diabetes 1993; 42: 1-7.
  • 15 Brownlee M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature 2001; 414: 813-820.
  • 16 Erickson LA, Fici GJ, Lund JE. et al. Development of venous occlusions in mice transgenic for the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene. Nature 1990; 346: 74-76.
  • 17 Janicke F, Schmitt M, Graeff H. Clinical relevance of the urokinase-type and tissue-type plasminogen activators and of their type 1 inhibitor in breast cancer. Semin Thromb Hemost 1991; 17: 303-312.
  • 18 Harbeck N, Kates RE, Gauger K. et al. Urokinasetype plasminogen activator (uPA) and its inhibitor PAI-I: novel tumor-derived factors with a high prognostic and predictive impact in breast cancer. Thromb Haemost 2004; 91: 450-456.
  • 19 Durand MK, Bodker JS, Christensen A. et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-I and tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Thromb Haemost 2004; 91: 438-449.
  • 20 Andreasen PA, Georg B, Lund LR. et al. Plasminogen activator inhibitors: hormonally regulated serpins. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1990; 68: 1-19.
  • 21 Vaughan DE. PAI-1 and TGF-beta: unmasking the real driver of TGF-beta-induced vascular pathology. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2006; 26: 679-680.
  • 22 Kruithof EKO. Regulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 gene expression by inflammatory mediators and statins. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 969-975.
  • 23 Samarakoon R, Higgins PJ. Integration of non-SMAD and SMAD signaling in TGF-β1-induced SER-PINE1 (PAI-1) gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 976-983.
  • 24 Diebold I, Djordjevic T, Hess J. et al. Rac-1 promotes pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation by upregulation of PAI-1: Role of NFκB-dependent HIF-1α transcription. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 984-991.
  • 25 Erickson LA, Schleef RR, Ny T. et al. The fibrinolytic system of the vascular wall. Clin Haematol 1985; 14: 513-530.
  • 26 Reilly CF, McFall RC. Platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor-beta regulate plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Biol Chem 1991; 266: 9419-9427.
  • 27 Sawdey MS, Loskutoff DJ. Regulation of murine type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor gene expression in vivo. Tissue specificity and induction by lipopolysaccharide, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and transforming growth factor-beta. J Clin Invest 1991; 88: 1346-1353.
  • 28 Busso N, Nicodeme E, Chesne C. et al. Urokinase and type I plasminogen activator inhibitor production by normal human hepatocytes: modulation by inflammatory agents. Hepatology 1994; 20: 186-190.
  • 29 Alessi MC, Peiretti F, Morange P. et al. Production of plasminogen activator inhibitor1 by human adipose tissue: possible link between visceral fat accumulation and vascular disease. Diabetes 1997; 46: 860-867.
  • 30 Brownlee M. Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications. Nature 2001; 414: 813-820.
  • 31 Dimova EY, Kietzmann T. Metabolic, hormonal and environmental regulation of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression: Lessons from the liver. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 992-1006.
  • 32 Nagamine Y. Transcriptional regulation of the plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1– with an emphasis on negative regulation. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 1007-1013.
  • 33 Soeda S, Kuranagy S, Kuramoto Y. et al. Anti-apoptotic roles of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 as a neurotrophic factor in the central nervous system. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 1014-1020.
  • 34 Diebold I, Kracun D, Bonello S. et al. The PAI-1 Paradox in Vascular Remodelling. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 1021-1028.
  • 35 Eitzman DT, Ginsburg D. Of mice and men. The function of plasminogen activator inhibitors (PAIs) in vivo. Adv Exp Med Biol 1997; 425: 131-141.
  • 36 Balsara RD, Ploplis VA. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1: The double edged sword in apoptosis. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 1029-1036.
  • 37 Schneider DJ, Chen Y, Sobel BE. The effect of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 on apoptosis. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 1037-1040.
  • 38 Lademann U, Romer U. Regulation of programmed cell death by plasminogen activator inhibitor – 1. Thromb Haemost 2008; 100: 1041-1046.