Transient atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke after acute myocardial infarction

Rema Bishara; Gregory Telman; Fadel Bahouth; Jonathan Lessick; Doron Aronson

doi:10.1160/TH11-05-0343

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2011; 106(05): 877-884
DOI: 10.1160/TH11-05-0343

Blood Coagulation, Fibrinolysis and Cellular Haemostasis

Schattauer GmbH

Transient atrial fibrillation and risk of stroke after acute myocardial infarction

Authors

Rema Bishara

¹Internal Medicine B, Rambam Medical Center and the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Gregory Telman

²Department of Neurology, Rambam Medical Center and the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Fadel Bahouth

³Department of Cardiology, Rambam Medical Center and the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Jonathan Lessick

³Department of Cardiology, Rambam Medical Center and the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
Doron Aronson

³Department of Cardiology, Rambam Medical Center and the Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

Abstract

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Summary

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent complication of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In the AMI setting, AF is frequently brief and attributed to acute haemodynamic changes, inflammation or ischaemia. However, it remains uncertain whether transient AF episodes are associated with a subsequent increased risk of ischaemic stroke. We studied the impact of transient new-onset AF on the one-year risk of ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) in a retrospective cohort of 2,402 patients with AMI. Patients with previous AF or AF at hospital discharge were excluded. Transient AF occurred in 174 patients (7.2%) during the initial hospitalisation. During one year follow-up after hospital discharge, stroke or TIA occurred in 16 (9.2%) and 58 (2.6%) patients with and without transient AF, respectively (p< 0.0001). Compared with patients without transient AF, the adjusted hazard ratio for stroke or TIA in patients with transient AF was 3.03 (95% CI 1.73–5.32; p< 0.0001). Stroke or TIA occurred in 2.6% of patients without AF, 6.3% of patients with transient AF treated with oral anticoagulants, and 9.9% of patients with transient AF treated with antiplatelet agents. The incidence of recurrent AF after hospital discharge was markedly higher in patients with transient AF during the index hospitalisation (22.8% vs. 2.0%, p< 0.0001). In conclusion, transient AF complicating AMI is associated with an increased future risk of ischaemic stroke and TIA, particularly in patients treated with antiplatelet agents alone. High AF recurrence rates in these patients also suggest that oral anticoagulants should be strongly considered.

Keywords

Atrial fibrillation - myocardial infarction - stroke

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References

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