Factors associated with diagnosis and operability of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

Irene M. Lang; Gérald Simonneau; Joanna W. Pepke-Zaba; Eckhard Mayer; David Ambrož; Isabel Blanco; Adam Torbicki; Sören Mellemkjaer; Azzedine Yaici; Marion Delcroix

doi:10.1160/TH13-02-0097

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2013; 110(01): 83-91
DOI: 10.1160/TH13-02-0097

Blood Coagulation, Fibrinolysis and Cellular Haemostasis

Schattauer GmbH

Factors associated with diagnosis and operability of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

A case-control study

Irene M. Lang

¹Medical University of Vienna, Austria

,

Gérald Simonneau

²University Paris Sud (Paris XI), INSERM U 999, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France

,

Joanna W. Pepke-Zaba

³Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK

,

Eckhard Mayer

⁴Kerckhoff Clinic Heart and Lung Centre, Bad Nauheim, Germany

,

David Ambrož

⁵Clinical Department of Cardiology and Angiology of the First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic

,

Isabel Blanco

⁶Hospital Clínic–Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS)-CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Universtiy of Barcelona, Spain

,

Adam Torbicki

⁷Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, ECZ, Otwock, Poland

,

Sören Mellemkjaer

⁸Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark

,

Azzedine Yaici

²University Paris Sud (Paris XI), INSERM U 999, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France

,

Marion Delcroix

⁹University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Summary

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPAH) share a similar clinical presentation, and a differential diagnosis requires a thorough workup. Once CTEPH is confirmed, patients who can be safely operated have to be identified. We investigated risk factors associated with CTEPH and IPAH, and the criteria for the selection of operable CTEPH patients. This case-control study included 436 consecutive patients with CTEPH and 158 with IPAH in eight European centres, between 2006 and 2010. Conditions identified as risk factors for CTEPH included history of acute venous thromboembolism (p < 0.0001), large size of previous pulmonary embolism (p = 0.0040 in univariate analysis), blood groups non-O (p < 0.0001 in univariate analysis), and older age (p = 0.0198), whereas diabetes mellitus (p = 0.0006), female gender (p = 0.0197) and higher mean pulmonary artery pressure (p = 0.0103) were associated with increased likelihood for an IPAH diagnosis. Operability of CTEPH patients was associated with younger age (p = 0.0108), proximal lesions (p ≤ 0.0001), and pulmonary vascular resistance below 1200 dyn.s.cm^-5 (p = 0.0080). Non-operable CTEPH patients tended to be less differentiable from IPAH patients by risk factor analysis than operable patients. This study confirmed the association of CTEPH with history of acute venous thromboembolism and blood groups non-O, and identified diabetes mellitus and higher mean pulmonary artery pressure as factors suggesting an IPAH diagnosis. Non-operable CTEPH is more similar to IPAH than operable CTEPH regarding risk factors.

Keywords

Chronic lung disease - endarterectomy - pulmonary arterial hypertension - risk factor

Full Text

References

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