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Thromb Haemost 2016; 115(01): 31-39
DOI: 10.1160/TH15-04-0350
Coagulation and Fibrinolysis
Schattauer GmbH Schattauer

Therapy persistence in newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation treated with warfarin or NOAC

A cohort study
Carlos Martinez
1   Institute for Epidemiology, Statistics and Informatics GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Anja Katholing
1   Institute for Epidemiology, Statistics and Informatics GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Christopher Wallenhorst
1   Institute for Epidemiology, Statistics and Informatics GmbH, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Saul Benedict Freedman
2   Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Department of Cardiology, Concord Hospital and Anzac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 28 April 2015

Accepted after minor revision: 23 June 2015

Publication Date:
22 November 2017 (online)

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Summary

Efforts to reduce stroke in atrial fibrillation (AF) have focused on increasing physician adherence to oral anticoagulant (OAC) guidelines, but high early vitamin K antagonist (VKA) discontinuation is a limitation. We compared persistence of non-VKA OAC (NOAC) with VKA treatment in the first year after OAC inception for incident AF in real-world practice. We studied 27,514 anticoagulant-naïve patients with incident non-valvular AF between January 2011 and May 2014 in the UK primary care Clinical Practice Research Datalink, with full medication use linkage: mean age 74.2 ± 12.4, 45.7 % female, mean follow-up 1.9 ± 1.1 years. After treatment initiation and follow-up until 1/2015, the proportion remaining on OAC at one year (persistence) was estimated using competing risk survival analyses. OAC was commenced ≤90 days after incident AF in 13,221 patients (48.1 %): 12,307 VKA and 914 NOAC (apixaban, dabigatran, rivaroxaban). Amongst those treated with OAC, the proportion commencing NOAC increased from zero in 1/2011 to 27.0 % in 5/2014, and OAC prescriptions for CHA2DS2VASc score ≥2 (guideline adherence) increased from 41.2 % to 65.5 %. Persistence with OAC declined over 12 months to 63.6 % for VKA and 79.2 % for NOAC (p< 0.0001). Persistence for those with CHA2DS2VASc ≥2 was significantly greater for NOAC (83.0 %) than VKA (65.3 %, p< 0.0001) at one year and all earlier time points. Comparison of VKA and NOAC cohorts matched on individual CHA2DS2VASc components showed consistent results. In conclusion, persistence was significantly higher with NOAC than VKA, and could alone lead to fewer cardioembolic strokes. Increased guideline adherence following NOAC introduction could further decrease AF stroke burden.

Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.

Keywords

Atrial fibrillation - oral anticoagulants - persistence - NOAC - vitamin K antagonist

 

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