Angiogenesis in metabolic-vascular disease

Georg Breier; Triantafyllos Chavakis; Emilio Hirsch

doi:10.1160/TH17-05-0325

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2017; 117(07): 1289-1295
DOI: 10.1160/TH17-05-0325

60th Anniversary

Schattauer GmbH

Angiogenesis in metabolic-vascular disease

Georg Breier^*

¹Division of Medical Biology, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Germany

,

Triantafyllos Chavakis^*

²Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Germany

,

Emilio Hirsch^*

³Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Summary

Angiogenesis, literally formation of new blood vessels, is the main process through which the vascular system expands during embryonic and postnatal development. Endothelial cells, which constitute the inner lining of all blood vessels, are typically in a quiescent state in the healthy adult organism. However, in vascular and metabolic diseases, the endothelium becomes unstable and dysfunctional. The resulting tissue hypoxia may thereby induce pathological angiogenesis, which is a hallmark of disease conditions like cancer or diabetic retinopathy. However, recent evidence suggests that angiogenesis is also a major player in the context of further metabolic diseases, especially in obesity. In particular, deregulated angiogenesis is linked with adipose tissue dysfunction and insulin resistance. On the other hand, signalling pathways, such as the PI3K pathway, may regulate metabolic activities in the endothelium. Endothelial cell metabolism emerges as an important regulator of angiogenesis. This review summarises the role of angiogenesis in metabolic-vascular disease, with specific focus on the role of angiogenesis in obesity-related metabolic dysfunction and on signaling pathways, especially PI3K, linking cell metabolism to endothelial function.

Keywords

Angiogenesis - diabetes - obesity - PI3-kinase - insulin resistance - metabolism - glycolysis

Full Text

References

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