Tranexamic acid and fibrinogen restore clotting  in vitro  and in vivo  in cardiac thrombus associated hyperfibrinolysis with overt bleedings

Michael Schwameis; Johannes Thaler; Andreas Schober; Christian Schörgenhofer; Christiane Kulinna-Cosentini; Anton Laggner; Martin Röggla; Bernd Jilma

doi:10.1160/th14-04-0357

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Table of Contents

Thromb Haemost 2014; 112(05): 1071-1075
DOI: 10.1160/th14-04-0357

Letters to the Editor

Schattauer GmbH

Tranexamic acid and fibrinogen restore clotting in vitro and in vivo in cardiac thrombus associated hyperfibrinolysis with overt bleedings

Authors

Michael Schwameis

¹Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Johannes Thaler

²Department of Internal Medicine I – Clinical Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Andreas Schober

³Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Christian Schörgenhofer

¹Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Christiane Kulinna-Cosentini

⁴Department of Radiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austri
Anton Laggner

³Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Martin Röggla

³Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
Bernd Jilma

¹Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Abstract

Full Text

References

References
1 Aulmann C. et al. A 65-year-old female patient with breast cancer accompanied by thrombocytopenia and hyperfibrinolysis. Der Internist 2007; 48: 1015-1019.
2 Wada Y. et al. Severe bleeding tendency caused by a rare complication of excessive fibrinolysis with disseminated intravascular coagulation in a 51-year-old Japanese man with prostate cancer: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2012; 6: 378.
3 Fiegl M. et al. Massive disseminated intravascular coagulation and hyperfibrinolysis in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: case report and review of the literature. Ann Hematol 1999; 78: 335-338.
4 Weltermann A. et al. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIG) with massive hyperfibrinolysis in metastatic uterine cancer. Observations on the effects on the coagulopathy of various treatments (a case report). Wiener Klin Wochenschr 1998; 110: 53-57.
5 Wunderlich J, Thimme W. Consumption coagulopathy in a patient with metastatic renal carcinoma. Med Klinik 1976; 71: 912-916.
6 Orgel M. et al. Severe hemorrhage in a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer. Deut Med Wochenschr 2012; 137: 1705+.
7 Zoller H, Gross W, Schreiner W. Hemorrhagic diathesis in patients with malignant neoplasms. Med Klinik 1979; 74: 1716-1720.
8 Bredt J. Hyperfibrinolysis in prostatic carcinoma. Blut 1962; 8: 22-28.
9 Morrison JJ. et al. Association of cryoprecipitate and tranexamic acid with improved survival following wartime injury: findings from the MATTERs II Study. J Am Med Assoc Surg 2013; 148: 218-225.
10 Keene DD. et al. Rotational thromboelastometry-guided trauma resuscitation. Curr Opin Crit Care 2013; 19: 605-612.
11 Livingstone C. Tranexamic acid in patients with major injuries and blood loss. Emergency nurse : the journal of the RCN Accid Emerg Nurs Assoc 2013; 21: 24-26.
12 Davenport R. Pathogenesis of acute traumatic coagulopathy. Transfusion 2013; 53 (Suppl. 01) 23S-27S.
13 Xiao FF. et al. Abnormality of blood coagulation indexes in patients with de novo acute leukemia and its clinical significance. J Exp Hematol (Chinese) 2013; 21: 300-304.
14 Mitrovic M. et al. International Society of Thrombosis and Hemostasis Scoring System for disseminated intravascular coagulation >= 6: a new predictor of hemorrhagic early death in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Med Oncol 2013; 30: 478.
15 Thaler J. et al. Clinical evidence for a link between microparticle-associated tissue factor activity and overt disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with acute myelocytic leukemia. Thromb Res 2014; 133: 303-305.
16 Taylor Jr. FB. et al. Scientific Subcommittee on Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation of the International Society on T, et al. Towards definition, clinical and laboratory criteria, and a scoring system for disseminated intravascular coagulation. Thromb Haemost 2001; 86: 1327-1330.
17 Wada H. et al. Guidance for diagnosis and treatment of DIC from harmonization of the recommendations from three guidelines. J Thromb Hae-most 2013; 11: 761-767.
18 Spiel AO. et al. Validation of rotation thrombelastography in a model of systemic activation of fibrinolysis and coagulation in humans. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4: 411-416.
19 Derhaschnig U. et al. Recombinant human activated protein C (rhAPC; drotrecogin alfa [activated]) has minimal effect on markers of coagulation, fibrinolysis, and inflammation in acute human endotoxemia. Blood 2003; 102: 2093-2098.
20 Leitner JM. et al. Massive pulmonary embolism leading to cardiac arrest is associated with consumptive coagulopathy presenting as disseminated intravascular coagulation. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8: 1477-1482.
21 Technoclone GmbH V Austria. Normotest®. 2011 12/2011.
22 Lee CD, Mann KG. Activation/inactivation of human factor V by plasmin. Blood 1989; 73: 185-190.
23 Samis JA. et al. Time-dependent association between coagulation factor inactivation and increased elastase during experimental sepsis. J Thromb Haemost 2009; 7: 1032-1034.
24 Samis JA. et al. Factor V cleavage and inactivation are temporally associated with elevated elastase during experimental sepsis. J Thromb Haemost 2007; 5: 2559-2561.
25 Gando S. et al. Scientific, Standardization Committee on DICotISoT, Haemostasis. Differentiating disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) with the fibrinolytic phenotype from coagulopathy of trauma and acute coagulopathy of trauma-shock (COT/ACOTS). J Thromb Haemost 2013; 11: 826-835.
26 Mischke R, Wolling H. Influence of fibrinogen degradation products on thrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time of canine plasma. Haemostasis 2000; 30: 123-130.
27 Tiedje V. et al. The role of fibrinogen plasma levels, the -455G>A fibrinogen and the factor XIII A subunit (FXIII-A) Val34Leu polymorphism in cancer-associated venous thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 2011; 106: 908-913.
28 Riedl J. et al. Association of mean platelet volume with risk of venous thromboembolism and mortality in patients with cancer. Results from the Vienna Cancer and Thrombosis Study (CATS). Thromb Haemost 2014; 111: 670-678.
29 Bell AJ. et al. Reversal of coagulopathy in Kasabach-Merritt syndrome with tranexamic acid. Scand J Haematol 1986; 37: 248-252.
30 Ontachi Y. et al. Kasabach-Merritt syndrome associated with giant liver hemangioma: the effect of combined therapy with danaparoid sodium and tranexamic acid. Haematologica 2005; 90 (Suppl) ECR29.
31 Hanna BD, Bernstein M. Tranexamic acid in the treatment of Kasabach-Merritt syndrome in infants. Am J Ped Hematol Oncol 1989; 11: 191-195.
32 Watzke HH. et al. Giant hemangioma of the liver (Kasabach-Merritt syndrome): successful suppression of intravascular coagulation permitting surgical removal. J Clin Gastroenterol 1989; 11: 347-350.
33 Koseki M. et al. Successful combined use of tranexamic acid and unfractionated heparin for life-threatening bleeding associated with intravascular coagulation in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blast crisis. Intern J Hematol 2007; 86: 403-406.
34 Seto AH, Dunlap DS. Tranexamic acid in oncology. Ann Pharmacotherap 1996; 30: 868-870.
35 Marti-Carvajal AJ. et al. Treatment for disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with acute and chronic leukemia. Cochrane Database System Rev 2011; 6: CD008562.
36 Ignatowicz A. et al. Large myxoma of the left atrium presenting as systemic inflammatory syndrome - a case report. Kardiologia Polska 2008; 66: 903-905.
37 Roberts I. et al. The CRASH-2 trial: a randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation of the effects of tranexamic acid on death, vascular occlusive events and transfusion requirement in bleeding trauma patients. Health Technol Assess 2013; 17: 1-79.
38 Bennett B. et al. Tumour cell u-PA as a cause of fibrinolytic bleeding in metastatic disease. Br J Haematol 1997; 99: 570-574.
39 Meijer K. et al. Hyperfibrinogenolysis in disseminated adenocarcinoma. Blood Coagul Fibrinol 1998; 9: 279-283.

Supplementary Material

Online Supplementary Material (PDF) (PDF) (opens in new window)