Meningoencephalitis caused by pathogenic Sarcocystis species in a naturally infected sheep in Turkey

Summary

A 3-year-old sheep was examined after an acute onset of hind limb paralysis and ataxia. At necropsy, central nervous system, pulmonary and intestinal hyperaemia and ecchymoses in the aortic arch were observed. Main microscopic lesions were confined to the heart, cerebrum and cerebellum. There were a multifocal mild myocarditis and nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis together with protozoal cysts in the heart and the brain. Protozoal cystic structures were observed within many of the myocardial fibers as well as in the cerebrum and cerebellum. Using light microscopy it could not be morphologically determined whether these organisms were Toxoplasma (T.) gondii or Neospora (N.) caninum. Additional diagnostic methods like immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction provided differentiation of Sarcocystis from T. gondii and N. caninum. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated characteristic features of Sarcocystis sp. as previously described. This is the first confirmed diagnosis of Sarcocystis sp. in the central nervous system of a sheep from Turkey.

Zusammenfassung

Ein 3-jähriges Schaf wurde nach akutem Einsetzen einer Paralyse der Hintergliedmaßen und Ataxie untersucht. Bei der Sektion wurden Hyper ämie des zentralen Nervensystems, der Lungen und des Darms sowie Ekchymosen im Aortenbogen beobachtet. Die wichtigsten mikroskopischen Läsionen beschränkten sich auf Herz, Großhirn und Kleinhirn. Es bestanden eine multifokale milde Myokarditis sowie eine nichteitrige Meningoenzephalitis mit Auftreten von Protozoenzysten. Zystische Strukturen mit protozoären Organismen wurden in vielen myokardialen Fasern, im Großhirn und Kleinhirn nachgewiesen. Die Gewebezysten konnten mittels Lichtmikroskopie morphologisch nicht von denen von Toxoplasma (T.) gondii und Neo spora (N.) caninum unterschieden werden. Zusätzliche diagnostische Verfahren wie Immunhistochemie und Polymerasekettenreaktion ermöglichten die Differenzierung zwischen Sarcocystis und T. gondii sowie N. caninum. Transmissionselektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen bestätigten zuvor beschriebene charakteristische Eigenschaften von Sarcocystis sp. Dies ist der erste Fall einer verifizierten Sarcocystis-sp.-Infektion des zentralen Nervensystems bei einem Schaf in der Türkei.

Keywords

Encephalitis - protozoa - histopathology - electron-microscopy - differentiation

Schlüsselwörter

Enzephalitis - Protozoen - Histopathologie - Elektronenmikroskopie - Differenzierung

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