Passive Immunisierung bei Hund und Katze

Zusammenfassung

Antikörper haben eine wichtige Funktion bei der Abwehr von Infek - tionskrankheiten. Bei der passiven Immunisierung werden exogene Antikörper übertragen, die einen sofortigen Schutz für den Empfänger bieten. Die passive Immunisierung wird in der Kleintiermedizin vor allem prophylaktisch bei Hunden und Katzen durchgeführt, wenn sie keine maternalen Antikörper über das Kolostrum aufnehmen konnten oder die akute Gefahr einer Infektion besteht. Zum therapeutischen Einsatz bei Hund und Katze gibt es nur wenige plazebokontrollierte Studien. Während passiv übertragene Antikörper bei Katzen mit akutem viralem Katzenschnupfen und bei Hunden mit Staupe eine positive Wirkung auf den Krankheitsverlauf haben können, ließ sich bei der Behandlung der kaninen Parvovirose kein statistisch signifikanter Einfluss nachweisen. Weitere prospektive doppelt geblindete und plazebokontrollierte Studien mit ausreichenden Patientenzahlen zum prophylaktischen wie auch therapeutischen Einsatz der passiven Immunisierung bei Hund und Katze sind notwendig, um die klinische Wirksamkeit adäquat zu belegen.

Summary

Antibodies play an important role in the defense against infectious diseases. Passive immunization provides immediate protection through transfer of exogenous antibodies to a recipient. It is mainly used for prophylaxis in dogs and cats that failed to receive maternal antibodies through the colostrum or when there is an acute risk to acquire infectious diseases. Only a small number of placebo-controlled studies have been published regarding the therapeutic use of passive immunization in small animals. While positive effects were reported in cats with acute virus infections of the upper respiratory tract and in dogs with distemper, no statistically significant influence could be demonstrated in the treatment of canine parvovirosis. Prospective, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled studies using adequate num - bers of patients are warranted for a definitive statement regarding the therapeutic and prophylactic use of passive immunization in dogs and cats.

Schlüsselwörter

Antikörper - Immunglobulintherapie - Hyperimmunserum - Serumtherapie - passive Immunität - Feliserin® - Stagloban®

Keywords

Antibodies - immunoglobulin therapy - hyperimmune serum - serum therapy - passive immunity - Feliserin® - Stagloban®

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