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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2022; 80(S 05): 42-52
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2022-S118
DOI: 10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2022-S118
NEUROLOGY OF COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS
Normal pressure hydrocephalus: an update
Hidrocefalia de pressão normal: uma atualização
ABSTRACT
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) has been a topic of debate since its introduction in publications. More frequent in the elderly population, it is characterized by gait disturbance, urinary urge incontinence and cognitive decline. Therefore, it is a clinical-radiological entity with relatively common findings for the age group, which together may have greater specificity. Therefore, its diagnosis must be careful for an adequate selection of patients for treatment with ventricular shunt, since the symptoms are potentially reversible. The tap test has a high positive predictive value as a predictor of therapeutic response, but a negative test does not exclude the possibility of treatment. Scientific efforts in recent years have been directed towards a better understanding of NPH and this narrative review aims to compile recent data from the literature in a didactic way for clinical practice.
RESUMO
A hidrocefalia de pressão normal (HPN) é tema de debate desde sua introdução na literatura. Mais frequente na população idosa, caracteriza-se por distúrbio de marcha, urge-incontinência urinária e declínio cognitivo. Portanto, trata-se de uma entidade clínico-radiológica com achados relativamente comuns para a faixa etária, que em conjunto, podem ter maior especificidade. Sendo assim, seu diagnóstico deve ser criterioso para uma adequada seleção de pacientes para tratamento com a derivação ventricular, uma vez que os sintomas são potencialmente reversíveis. O tap test possui valor preditivo positivo alto preditor de resposta terapêutica, mas um teste negativo não exclui a possibilidade de tratamento. Esforços científicos nos últimos anos têm sido direcionados para melhor entendimento da HPN e essa revisão narrativa se propõe a compilar dados recentes da literatura de forma didática para a prática clínica.
Authors’ contributions:
RRS, ASN: wrote an initial draft which was supplemented and updated by CEBPN, MST and CCBL. All authors edited the final version.
Publication History
Received: 15 March 2022
Accepted: 29 April 2022
Article published online:
06 February 2023
© 2022. Academia Brasileira de Neurologia. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commecial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
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