Multimorbidity and associated outcomes among older adult inpatients with neurological disorders

ABSTRACT

Background: Multimorbidity is common among adults and associated with socioeconomic deprivation, polypharmacy, poor quality of life, functional impairment, and mortality. Objectives: To identify the frequency of multimorbidity among older adults inpatients with neurological disorders (NDs), stratify clusters of chronic comorbidities associated with NDs in degrees, and verify whether multimorbidity was associated with demographic data, readmission, long length of hospital stay (LOS), and hospital mortality in this population. Methods: We enrolled patients aged ≥60 years successively admitted to a tertiary medical center with NDs between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2010. Results: Overall, 1,154 NDs and 2,679 comorbidities were identified among 798 inpatients aged ≥60 years (mean: 75.76±9.12). Women comprised 435 (54.51%) of patients. Multimorbidity was detected in 92.61% (739) of patients, with a mean of 3.88±1.67 (median: 4.0), ranging from 2 to 10 chronic diseases. Patients with epilepsy, dementia, and movement disorders had the highest degrees of clusters of chronic morbidities (>50% of them with ≥5 chronic disorders), followed by those with cerebrovascular and neuromuscular disorders. Multimorbidity was associated with long LOS (p<0.001) and readmission (p=0.039), but not with hospital mortality (p=0.999). Conclusions: Multimorbidity was preponderant among older adults inpatients with NDs, and NDs had a high degree of associated chronic comorbidities. Multimorbidity, but not isolated NDs, was associated with readmission and long LOS. These results support ward-based, neurohospitalist-directed, interdisciplinary care for older adults inpatients with NDs to face multimorbidity.

RESUMO

Introdução: A multimorbidade é comum entre idosos e está associada a privação socioeconômica, polifarmácia, má qualidade de vida, déficit funcional e mortalidade. Objetivos: Identificar a frequência da multimorbidade entre pacientes idosos hospitalizados com doenças neurológicas (DN), estratificar combinações de comorbidades crônicas associadas às DN em graus e verificar se a multimorbidade foi associada a dados demográficos, readmissão, longo tempo de internação (TDI) e mortalidade hospitalar nessa população. Métodos: Foram incluídos pacientes com ≥60 anos sucessivamente admitidos com DN em um centro médico terciário entre 1º de janeiro de 2009 e 31 de dezembro de 2010. Resultados: Um total de 1.154 DN e 2.679 comorbidades foram identificados entre 798 pacientes com idade ≥60 anos (média: 75,76±9,12). Mulheres representaram 435 (54,51%) dos pacientes. A multimorbidade foi detectada em 92,61% (739) dos pacientes (média de 3,88±1,67; mediana de 4), variando de 2 a 10 doenças crônicas. Pacientes com epilepsia, demência e distúrbios do movimento apresentaram os maiores graus de morbidades crônicas (>50% deles com ≥5 doenças crônicas), seguidos por doenças cerebrovasculares e neuromusculares. A multimorbidade foi associada com longo TDI (p<0,001) e readmissão (p=0,039), mas não com mortalidade hospitalar (p=0,999). Conclusões: A multimorbidade foi preponderante entre os pacientes idosos internados com DN, as quais tiveram altos graus de comorbidades crônicas. A multimorbidade, mas não as DN isoladas, foi associada a readmissões e longo TDI. Esses resultados respaldam uma assistência interdisciplinar para idosos hospitalizados com DN em enfermarias lideradas por neurologistas hospitalistas para enfrentar a multimorbidade.

Keywords:

Multimorbidity - Length of Stay - Patient Readmission - Burden of Illness - Nervous System Diseases

Palavras-chave:

Multimorbidade - Tempo de Internação - Readmissão do Paciente - Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença - Doenças do Sistema Nervoso

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