Laryngeal sarcoidosis: Literature review

Summary

Introduction: Laryngeal sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease representing a challenge as regards diagnosis and treatment.

Method: In this review, all aspects of the disease are involved, including etiology, clinical manifestations in adults and children, diagnosis, and treatment, by searching through Medline, Lilacs and Scielo databases, as well as English and Portuguese articles published from 1973 to 2008.

Final Comments: Despite the breakthroughs in its diagnosis and treatment, sarcoidosis is a disease that remains without a clear etiology and physiopathology, becoming an exclusion diagnosis due to both the lack of precise exams and its likely multifactor background. Laryngeal impairment, however infrequent, is a suspicion mainly when there is a precedent history of systemic sarcoidosis, and the research for differentiated diagnosis must be wide-ranging so as to prevent severe diseases like malign neoplasia from being unnoticed.

Resumo

Introdução: A sarcoidose laríngea é uma doença granulomatosa que representa um desafio em relação ao diagnóstico e o tratamento.

Método: Nesta revisão são abordados todos os aspectos da doença, incluindo etiologia, manifestações clínicas em adultos e crianças, diagnóstico e tratamento, a partir da base de dados Medline, Lilacs e Scielo, incluindo-se artigos de língua inglesa e portuguesa publicados no período de 1973 a 2008.

Comentários Finais: Apesar dos avanços ocorridos na investigação e tratamento da sarcoidose, é uma doença que ainda se mantém sem etiologia e fisiopatologia definidas, constituindo um diagnóstico de exclusão pela ausência de exames específicos e por sua provável origem multifatorial. O acometimento laríngeo, apesar de raro, é suspeitado principalmente diante de história prévia de sarcoidose sistêmica, e a pesquisa dos diagnósticos diferenciais deve ser extensa para não passarem desapercebidas doenças graves como neoplasias malignas.

Keywords

laryngeal disease - sarcoidosis - larynx - positron emission tomography

Palavras-chave

doenças da laringe - sarcoidose - laringe - tomografia por emissão de pósitrons

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