Intra-articular injections of autologous platelet concentrates in dogs with surgical reparation of cranial cruciate ligament rupture

R. F. Silva; J. U. Carmona; C. M. F. Rezende

doi:10.3415/VCOT-12-06-0075

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Table of Contents

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2013; 26(04): 285-290
DOI: 10.3415/VCOT-12-06-0075

Original Research

Schattauer GmbH

Intra-articular injections of autologous platelet concentrates in dogs with surgical reparation of cranial cruciate ligament rupture

A pilot study

R. F. Silva

¹Departamento de Clinica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil

²Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Colombia

,

J. U. Carmona

²Grupo de Investigación Terapia Regenerativa, Departamento de Salud Animal, Universidad de Caldas, Colombia

,

C. M. F. Rezende

¹Departamento de Clinica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Summary

Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate by clinical, radiographic, and force plate gait analyses the effect of postsurgical intra-articular injections of autologous platelet concentrates (PC) in a small group of dogs with cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture.

Methods The ten dogs used in this study were initially presented with CCL rupture and underwent ligament replacement surgery by fascia lata autograft guided by arthroscopy. Six dogs received three intra-articular injections of PC (PC group); one dose was injected immediately after surgery, and two additional doses were injected at two-week intervals. The remaining four dogs received only nutraceuticals (control group). All dogs were evaluated by clinical examination, serial radiography, and force plate gait analyses at monthly intervals up to 90 days.

Results The clinical follow-up of the PC-treated group indicated a better outcome than the control group. Radiographic evaluation was not conclusive. Values of peak vertical reaction force and vertical impulse of the affected limbs were only significantly larger on the 90th postoperative day in the PC group compared to the control group.

Clinical significance Our results indicate that autologous PC might improve functional outcome after intra-articular cranial cruciate ligament repair. The effect of PC when using other repair procedures warrants additional studies.

Keywords

Autologous platelet concentrates - cranial - cruciate ligament - force plate gait analyses - dog

Full Text

References

References
1 Vasseur PB. Stifle joint. In: Slatter D. editor. Textbook of Small Animal Surgery. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2003. p. 2003-2090.
2 Conzemius MG, Evans RB, Besancon MF. et al. Effect of surgical technique on limb function after surgery for rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005; 226: 232-236.
3 Elkins AD, Pechman R, Kearney MT. et al. A retrospective study evaluating the degree of degenerative joint disease in the stifle joint of dogs following surgical repair of anterior cruciate ligament rupture. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1991; 27: 533-540.
4 Hurley CR, Hammer DL, Shott S. Progression of radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture: 295 cases (2001-2005). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2007; 230: 1674-1679.
5 Beldon P. Basic Science of wound healing. Surgery 2010; 28: 409-412.
6 Kon E, Buda R, Filardo G. et al. Platelet-rich plasma: intra-articular knee injections produced favorable results on degenerative cartilage lesions. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2009; 18: 472-479.
7 Filardo G, Kon E, Buda R. et al. Platelet-rich plasma intra-articular knee injections for the treatment of degenerative cartilage lesions and osteoarthritis. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2011; 19: 528-535.
8 Carmona JU, Argüelles D, Climent F. et al. Autologous platelet concentrates as a treatment of horses with osteoarthritis: a preliminary pilot clinicals. J Equine VetScien 2007; 27: 167-170.
9 Muzzi LAL, Rezende CMF, Muzzi RAL. Physiotherapy after arthroscopic repair of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs. I - clinical, radiographic, and ultrasonographic evaluation. Arq Bras Med Vet Zootec 2009; 61: 805-814.
10 Innes JF, Costello M, Barr JF. et al. Radiographic progression of osteoarthritis of the canine stifle joint: a prospective study. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2004; 45: 143-148.
11 Katic N, Bockstahler BA, Mueller M. et al. Fourier analysis of vertical ground reaction forces in dogs with unilateral hind limb lameness caused by degenerative disease of the hip joint and in dogs without lameness. Am J Vet Res 2009; 70: 118-126.
12 Bertram JEA, Ruina A. Multiple walking speed-frequency relations are predicted by constrained optimization. J Theor Biol 2001; 209: 445-453.
13 McIlwraith CW, Fessler JF. Arthroscopy in the diagnosis of equine joint disease. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1978; 172: 263-268.
14 Beale BS, Hulse DA, Schulz KS. et al. In: Small Animal Arthroscopy. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2003. p. 61-152.
15 Silva RF, Rezende CMF, Paes-Leme FO. et al. Evaluation of the tube method for concentrating canine platelets: cellular study. Arch Med Vet 2011; 43: 95-98.
16 Harasen G. Diagnosing rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament. Can Vet J 2002; 43: 475-476.
17 Vasseur PB, Berry CR. Progression of stifle osteoarthrosis following reconstruction of the cranial cruciate ligament in 21 dogs. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1992; 28: 129-136.
18 Mölsä SH, Hielm-Björkman AK, Laitinen-Vapaavuori OM. Force platform analysis in clinically healthy Rottweilers: comparison with Labrador Retrievers. Vet Surg 2010; 39: 701-707.
19 Voss K, Galeandro L, Wiestner T. et al. Relationships of body weight, body size, subject velocity, and vertical ground reaction forces in trotting dogs. Vet Surg 2010; 39: 863-869.
20 Aragon CL, Hofmeister EH, Budsberg SC. Systematic review of clinical trials of treatments for osteoarthritis in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2007; 230: 514-521.
21 Sutter WW, Kaneps AJ, Bertone AL. Comparison of hematologic values and transforming growth factor-β and insulin-like growth factor concentrations in platelet concentrates obtained by use of buffy coat and apheresis methods from equine blood. Am J Vet Res 2004; 65: 924-930.
22 Argüelles D, Carmona JU, Pastor J. et al. Evaluation of single and double centrifugation tube methods for concentrating equine platelets. Res Vet Sci 2006; 81: 237-245.
23 Pei M, Chen D, Li J. et al. Histone deacetylase 4 promotes TGF-β1-induced synovium-derived stem cell chondrogenesis but inhibits chondrogenically differentiated stem cell hypertrophy. Differentiation 2009; 78: 260-268.
24 Akeda K, An HS, Okuma M. et al. Platelet-rich plasma stimulates porcine articular chondrocyte proliferation and matrix biosynthesis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2006; 14: 1272-1280.
25 Sun Y, Feng Y, Zhang CQ. et al. The regenerative effect of platelet-rich plasma on healing in large osteochondral defects. Int Orthop 2010; 34: 589-597.
26 Hechtman KS, Uribe JW, Botto-Vandemden A. et al. Platelet-rich plasma injection reduces pain in patients with recalcitrant epicondylitis. Orthopedics 2011; 34: 92-99.
27 Lyras DN, Kazakos K, Tryfonidis M. et al. Temporal and spatial expression of TGF-beta1 in an Achilles tendon section model after application of platelet-rich plasma. Foot Ankle Surg 2010; 16: 137-141.
28 Murray MM, Spindler KP, Devin C. et al. Use of collagen-platelet rich plasma scaffold to stimulate healing of a central defect in the canine ACL. J Orthop Res 2006; 24: 820-830.
29 Spindler KP, Murray MM, Carey JL. et al. The use of platelets to affect functional healing of an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) autograft in a caprine ACL reconstruction model. J Orthop Res 2009; 27: 631-638.
30 Fleming BC, Spindler KP, Palmer M. et al. Collagen-platelet composites improve the biomechanical properties of healing ACL grafts in a porcine model. Am J Sports Med 2009; 37: 1554-1563.
31 Murray MM, Palmer M, Abreu E. et al. Platelet-rich plasma alone is not sufficient to enhance suture repair of the ACL in skeletally immature animals: an in vivo study. J Orthop Res 2009; 27: 639-645.