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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Radiol Imaging 2011; 21(03): 215-220
DOI: 10.4103/0971-3026.85371
Neuroradiology

Superficial temporal artery calcification in patients with end-stage renal disease: Association with vascular risk factors and ischemic cerebrovascular disease

Zeeshan Anwar
Aga Khan University School of Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan
,
Elcin Zan
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
,
Marco Carone
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
,
Arzu Ozturk
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
,
Stephen M Sozio
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
,
David M Yousem
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
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Abstract

Background and Purpose: Extracranial superficial temporal artery (STA) calcification is an unusual finding seen in patients with chronic kidney disease and has unknown ramifications with respect to intracranial ischemic disease. We sought to determine the association between the risk factors for vascular calcification and this rare phenomenon, in patients with chronic renal failure, and to assess the coexistence of cerebral ischemia. Materials and Methods: Medical records and laboratory data on risk factors for vascular calcification were retrospectively retrieved for 453 patients with a discharge diagnosis of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). CT head examinations were reviewed to identify and associate STA calcification with 1) risk factors for the vascular calcification, 2) intracranial artery calcification, and 3) cerebral ischemia (white matter and/or cortical ischemic changes). Results: STA calcification was present in 9.9% (45/453) of the studied cohort. The prevalence of cerebral ischemia was 24.4% (11/45) in patients with STA calcification and 9.3% (38/408) in patients without it. Diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.56, 95% CI: 1.059-6.208; P=0.037) was independently associated with the risk of STA calcification. The risk of cerebral ischemia, however, was not related to STA calcification (P=0.221). Conclusion: The presence of diabetes mellitus is important in describing the risk of STA calcification in patients with ESRD, whereas age, gender, hypertension, serum calcium, serum phosphate, or serum hemoglobin levels are not. The risk of cerebral ischemia is not related to STA calcification but has the strongest association with diabetes mellitus.

Keywords

Cerebrovascular disease - end-stage renal disease - superficial temporal artery calcification


Publication History

Article published online:
30 July 2021

© 2011. Indian Radiological Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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