Emergence of micronuclei as a genomic biomarker

Robin Sabharwal; Parul Verma; Mohammed Asif Syed; Tamanna Sharma; Santosh Kumar Subudhi; Saumyakanta Mohanty; Shivangi Gupta

doi:10.4103/0971-5851.171541

Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology, Inhaltsverzeichnis

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 2015; 36(04): 212-218
DOI: 10.4103/0971-5851.171541

REVIEW ARTICLE

Emergence of micronuclei as a genomic biomarker

Robin Sabharwal

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi, Himachal Pradesh, India

,

Parul Verma

Department of Endodontics, Himachal Dental College, Sundernagar, Himachal Pradesh, India

,

Mohammed Asif Syed

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Darshan Dental College & Hospital, Udaipur, India

,

Tamanna Sharma

Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Himachal Dental College, Sundernagar, Himachal Pradesh, India

,

Santosh Kumar Subudhi

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubneshwar, India

,

Saumyakanta Mohanty

Department of Endodontics, IDS, Uttar Pradesh, India

,

Shivangi Gupta

Department of Periodontics, DJ College of Dental Sciences and Research, Uttar Pradesh, India

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Abstract

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Abstract

The presence of micronuclei (MN) in mammalian cells is related to several mutagenetic stresses. MN are formed as a result of chromosome damage and can be readily identified in exfoliated epithelial cells. MN is chromatin particles derived from acentric chromosomal fragments, which are not incorporated into the daughter nucleus after mitosis. It can be visualized by chromatin stains. A variety of factors influences the formation of MN in cells such as age, sex, genetic constitution, physical and chemical agents, adverse habits such as tobacco, areca nut chewing, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Micronucleation has important implications in the genomic plasticity of tumor cells. The present paper reviews the origin, fate and scoring criteria of MN that serves as a biomarker of exposure to genetic toxins, and for the risk of cancer.

Keywords

Aneugens - clastogens - micronuclei

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Referenzen

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