Evaluation of masticatory performance in subjects with shortened dental arch: A comparative study

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the masticatory performance of shortened dental arches (SDAs) compared with the complete dentition. Materials and Methods: A total of 28 subjects with the age group of 45-60 years were selected in the study, which were equally divided into two groups - subjects with shorten dental arch (missing molars; case group) and subjects with complete dentition (control group). Masticatory performance was evaluated by a multiple sieve method on the basis of median particle size of the fragmented particles. Roasted peanuts were used as test food. A method of measuring masticatory performance developed by Manly and Braley and modified by Kapur and Soman was used in this study. Assessment of chewing ability level was also done by asking structured questionnaire. Each question was answered on a four point rating scale. Results: Overall masticatory performance in control group ranged from 60% to 70.5% with standard deviation (SD) of 3.20. The male subjects showed higher masticatory performance with SD of 2.60% when compared to females with SD of 1.77%. The overall masticatory performance in case group ranged between 50.6% and 59%, respectively. The male subjects showed higher masticatory performance with SD of 2.29 when compared to females with SD of 1.08. On comparing both groups, it was found that masticatory performance of control group (3.20) was higher when compared to case group (2.59). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that SDA subjects have masticatory performance and patient satisfaction level within acceptable range to that of complete dental arch subjects.

Keywords

Complete dentition - masticatory performance - shortened dental arch

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
01. November 2021

• References

• 1 Käyser AF. Teeth, tooth loss and prosthetic appliances. in: Prosthodontics: principles and management strategies. Mosby-Wolfe, London; 1996:97-110.
• 2 Aras K, Hasanreisoğlu U, Shinogaya T. Masticatory performance, maximum occlusal force, and occlusal contact area in patients with bilaterally missing molars and distal extension removable partial dentures. Int J Prosthodont 2009;22:204-9.
• 3 Käyser AF. Shortened dental arches and oral function. J Oral Rehabil 1981;8:457-62.
• 4 Aukes JN, Käyser AF, Felling AJ. The subjective experience of mastication in subjects with shortened dental arches. J Oral Rehabil 1988;15:321-4.
• 5 Witter DJ, van Elteren P, Käyser AF, van Rossum MJ. The effect of removable partial dentures on the oral function in shortened dental arches. J Oral Rehabil 1989;16:27-33.
• 6 Witter DJ, Cramwinckel AB, van Rossum GM, Käyser AF. Shortened dental arches and masticatory ability. J Dent 1990;18:185-9.
• 7 Manly RS, Braley LC. Masticatory performance and efficiency. J Dent Res 1950;29:448-62.
• 8 Kapur KK, Soman S, Yurkstas A. Test foods for measuring masticatory performance of denture wearers. J Prosthet Dent 1964;14:483-91.
• 9 Hirai T, Ishijima T, Koshino H, Anzai T. Age-related change of masticatory function in complete denture wearers: Evaluation by a sieving method with peanuts and a food intake questionnaire method. Int J Prosthodont 1994;7:454-60.
• 10 Fontijn-Tekamp FA, Slagter AP, Van Der Bilt A, Van ′T Hof MA, Witter DJ, Kalk W, et al. Biting and chewing in overdentures, full dentures, and natural dentitions. J Dent Res 2000;79:1519-24.
• 11 Boretti G, Bickel M, Geering AH. A review of masticatory ability and efficiency. J Prosthet Dent 1995;74:400-3.
• 12 Sarita PT, Witter DJ, Kreulen CM, Van′t Hof MA, Creugers NH. Chewing ability of subjects with shortened dental arches. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2003;31:328-34.
• 13 World Health Organization. Recent Advances in Oral Health. WHO Technical Report, Series No 826. Geneva: WHO Series; 1992.