Subscribe to RSS
![](/products/assets/desktop/img/oa-logo.png)
DOI: 10.4103/2321-0656.140902
The role of celebrity diets versus medical nutrition therapy in type 2 diabetes
Publication History
Publication Date:
21 November 2018 (online)
![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/10.1055-s-00041241/201501/lookinside/thumbnails/10-4103-2321-0656-140902_00061-1.jpg)
Abstract
With global obesity affecting 475 million people worldwide, the continued popularity of celebrity or fad diets is not surprising. Evidence for their sustainability and long-term positive benefits on weight loss and cardiometabolic risk is, however, limited. Modest weight loss of 5-10% in overweight or obesity is associated with improvements in blood lipids, glycemia, and insulin resistance. As overweight and obesity are the main risk factors for Type 2 diabetes (T2DM), medical nutrition therapy based on a balanced, reduced total energy diet, tailored to the individual, is recommended by the American Diabetes Association, Diabetes UK and transcultural diabetes-specific nutrition algrorithm (tDNA) guidelines.
-
References
- 1 Clinical Guidelines Taskforce. Global Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation; 2012
- 2 ODSAA - One Damn System after Another. In: Malmberg C. editor Diet and Die?. New York: Hillman-Curl Inc; 1935: 88-95 Available from: http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924003489162;view=1up;seq=1 [Last accessed on 2014 Feb 05].
- 3 Woodyatt RT. Round table conference on diabetes mellitus: Dietary trends. Bull N Y Acad Med 1934; 10: 335-346 Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1965642/pdf/bullnyacadmed00881-0007.pdf [Last accessed on 2014 Feb 27].
- 4 BDA News. Top 5 worst celebrity diets to avoid in 2014. Birmingham: British Dietetic Association; 2013
- 5 Astrup A, Meinert LarsenT, Harper A. Atkins and other low-carbohydrate diets: Hoax or an effective tool for weight loss?. Lancet 2004; 364: 897-899
- 6 International Association for the Study of Obesity [Internet]. London: International Association for the Study of Obesity; Available from: http://www.iaso.org/resources/aboutobesity/ [Last accessed on 2014 Feb 19].
- 7 Obesity Knowledge and Intelligence Team [Internet]. London:: Public Health England; Available from: http://www.noo.org.uk/NOO_about_obesity/adult_obesity/international [Last accessed on 2014 Feb 19].
- 8 Atkins.com [Internet]. Denver: Atkins Nutritionals Inc. c2014; Available from: http://www.atkins.com/Science/Articles—Library/Vitamins—Minerals/Don%E2%80%99t-Forget-to-Take-Your-Supplements.aspx [Last accessed on 2014 Feb 20].
- 9 Foster GD, Wyatt HR, Hill JO, McGuckin BG, Brill C, Mohammed BS. et al. A randomized trial of a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 2082-2090
- 10 Stern L, Iqbal N, Seshadri P, Chicano KL, Daily DA, McGrory J. et al. The effects of low-carbohydrate versus conventional weight loss diets in severely obese adults: One-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med 2004; 140: 778-785
- 11 World Health Organization. Diabetes Fact Sheet No 312. Geneva: WHO; 2013
- 12 American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes-2014. Diabetes Care 2014; 37: S14-S80
- 13 Krebs JD, Parry-Strong A. Is there an optimal diet for patients with type 2 diabetes?. Yes, the one that works for them!. Br J Diabetes Vasc Dis 2013; 13: 60-66
- 14 Davis NJ, Tomuta N, Schechter C, Isasi CR, Segal-Isaacson CJ, Stein D. et al. Comparative study of the effects of a 1-year dietary intervention of a low-carbohydrate diet versus a low-fat diet on weight and glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009; 32: 1147-1152
- 15 Johnstone AM. Safety and efficacy of high-protein diets for weight loss. Proc Nutr Soc 2012; 71: 339-449
- 16 Diabetes UK [Internet]. London: Diabetes UK. c2012; Available from: https://www.diabetes.org.uk/About_us/What-we-say/Food-nutrition-lifestyle/Low-carbohydrate-diets-for-people-with-Type-2-diabetes/ [Last accessed on 2014 Feb 20].
- 17 Frost GD, Wadden TA, Vogt RA, Brewer G. What is a reasonable weight loss. Patients′ expectations and evaluations of obesity treatment outcomes?. J Consult Clin Psych 1997; 65: 79-85
- 18 Olson EA, Visek AJ, McDonnell KA, DiPietro L. Thinness expectations and weight cycling in a sample of middle-aged adults. Eat Behav 2012; 13: 142-145
- 19 NHS Choices [Internet]. London: The Department of Health; Available from: http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/loseweight/Pages/start-losing-weight.aspx [Last accessed on 2014 Feb 25].
- 20 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. Washington DC: U. S. Department of Health and Social Services; Available from: http://m.cdc.gov/en/HealthSafetyTopics/HealthyLiving/HealthyWeight/LosingWeight/Introduction [Last accessed on 2014 Feb 25].
- 21 Dow CA, Thomson CA, Flatt SW, Sherwood NE, Pakiz B, Rock CL. Predictors of improvement in cardiometabolic risk factors with weight loss in women. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2: e000152
- 22 Evert AB, Boucher JL, Cypress M, Dunbar SA, Franz MJ, Mayer-Davis EJ. et al. Nutrition therapy recommendations for the management of adults with diabetes. Diabetes Care 2014; 37: S120-43
- 23 Diabetes UK. Evidence-based nutrition guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes. London: Diabetes UK; 2011
- 24 Mechanick JI, Marchetti AE, Apovian C, Benchimol AK, Bisschop PH, Bolio-Galvis A. et al. Diabetes-specific nutrition algorithm: A transcultural program to optimize diabetes and prediabetes care. Curr Diab Rep 2012; 12: 180-194
- 25 American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes - 2009. Diabetes Care 2009; 32: S13-S61