Abstract
Myeloid sarcoma is a neoplasm of myeloid cells that can arise before or concurrent
with or may follow acute myeloid leukemia. Very rarely, it can present as an isolated
breast lump. We have diagnosed a case of myeloid sarcoma by fine-needle aspiration
cytology (FNAC), in a 52-year-old woman who presented with the right-sided breast
lump. FNAC showed hypercellular smears with immature myeloid cells few neutrophils
and many large round cells with high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, prominent nucleoli
and a moderate amount of granular cytoplasm. The blast cells were myeloperoxidase
positive and complete blood count, and peripheral blood examination were normal. We
report this case for its rarity and as a note of caution to a pathologist to consider
myeloid sarcoma in the differential diagnosis of breast lump to provide the correct
diagnosis and avoid incorrect treatment of a curable disease.
Key words
Acute myeloid leukemia - breast - cytology - myeloid sarcoma
