Vitamin D and gastrointestinal cancer

Ashish Mahendra; Basanta Kumar Choudhury; Tamanna Sharma; Neha Bansal; Richa Bansal; Shivangi Gupta; Karishma

doi:10.4103/JLP.JLP_49_17

Journal of Laboratory Physicians, Table of Contents

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · J Lab Physicians 2018; 10(01): 001-005
DOI: 10.4103/JLP.JLP_49_17

Review Article

Vitamin D and gastrointestinal cancer

Ashish Mahendra

Department of Oral Pathology, Chandra Dental College, Barabanki, India

,

Karishma,

Basanta Kumar Choudhury

Department Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences and Sum Hospital, Kalinga Nagar, Shampur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

,

Tamanna Sharma

Department of Oral Pathology, Himachal Dental College, Sundernagar, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India

,

Neha Bansal

Department Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dr HS Judge Institute of Dental Sciences, PU, Chandigarh, India

,

Richa Bansal

Department of Oral Pathology, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India

,

Shivangi Gupta

Department of Periodontics and Implantology, Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Nalagarh, Himachal Pradesh, India

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

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Abstract

Vitamin D serves as a precursor to the potent steroid hormone calcitriol, which has widespread actions throughout the body. Calcitriol regulates numerous cellular pathways that could have a role in determining cancer risk and prognosis. Low Vitamin D levels have been implicated in numerous disease processes including fracture risk, falls, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cancers. Metabolite of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3) regulates numerous genes that control gut physiology and homeostasis. 1,25(OH)2D3 serves various functions such as maintaining the integrity of epithelial barrier and absorption of calcium and phosphate, and the host's defense against pathogens, and the inflammatory response by several types of secretory and immune cells. Although epidemiological data remain inconsistent, and randomized control trials in humans do not yet exist to conclusively support a beneficial role for Vitamin D, results from some correlating studies strongly suggest that Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of developing cancer and that avoiding deficiency and adding Vitamin D supplements might be an economical and safe way to reduce cancer incidence and improve cancer prognosis and outcome. The present review highlights the role of Vitamin D in cancer of the gastrointestinal tract including esophagus, gastric (stomach), liver, pancreas, and colon.

Key words

Cancer - Vitamin D receptor - Vitamin D

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References

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