Trends in primary brain tumors: A 5-year retrospective histologically confirmed study in Tabriz, Iran, 2011–2016

Introduction: Tumors are the second-most common cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Due to the high prevalence and mortality rate, brain tumors are of great importance and makeup about 5% of all tumors. Different types of brain tumors have their special pattern based on age, sex, complaints on admission, radiological signs and sometimes, their family history and seem these patterns are changing according to the geographic region over time. In this study, we evaluate the incidence of brain tumors in the northwest of Iran. Materials and Methods: All patients with brain tumor diagnosis that were hospitalized between April 2011 and March 2016 evaluated. Exclusion criteria were considered as secondary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) (metastases) and duplicate records for the recurrent disease of the same patient. Data collected from their documents and analyzed with SPSS version 16. Results: In the present study, male to female (M: F) ratio is 1:1. 92.5% of tumors are primary in which meningiomas (22%) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) (19.6%) are the most common types. The rarest tumor types are neurocytoma (0.3%) and chondroid chordoma (0.3%). GBM is the most common tumor in the male population and meningiomas are most common in females. Medulloblastoma and meningioma with a median age of 11 and 58 years, respectively, were known as the most common primary CNS malignancy of the youngest and oldest age of study group. Conclusion: The obtained data from this study revealed that age and sex are associated with the tumor types, which is consistent with the previous results. Brain tumors involvement pattern is changing in male patients somehow there is a tendency of involving more aggressive and malignant tumor types in male individuals could be seen.

Key-words:

Brain tumor - epidemiology - primary central nervous system tumors - prevalence - tumor types

Financial support and sponsorship

Nil.

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
09. September 2022

• References

• 1 Louis DN, Perry A, Reifenberger G, von Deimling A, Figarella-Branger D, Cavenee WK, et al. The 2016 World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system: A summary. Acta Neuropathol 2016;131:803-20.
• 2 Methodology Statistical Applications Branch, Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute. Joinpoint Regression Program, Version. 4(1.4).; 2013.
• 3 Fisher JL, Schwartzbaum JA, Wrensch M, Wiemels JL. Epidemiology of brain tumors. Neurol Clin 2007;25:867-90, vii.
• 4 Sahyoun NR, Lentzner H, Hoyert D, Robinson KN. Trends in Causes of Death Among the Elderly. Aging Trends No. 1. Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for Health Statistics; 2001.
• 5 Ostrom QT, Gittleman H, Fulop J, Liu M, Blanda R, Kromer C, et al. CBTRUS statistical report: Primary brain and central nervous system tumors diagnosed in the United States in 2008-2012. Neuro Oncol 2015;17 Suppl 4:iv1-62.
• 6 Wöhrer A, Waldhör T, Heinzl H, Hackl M, Feichtinger J, Gruber-Mösenbacher U, et al. The austrian brain tumour registry: A cooperative way to establish a population-based brain tumour registry. J Neurooncol 2009;95:401-11.
• 7 Baldi I, Gruber A, Alioum A, Berteaud E, Lebailly P, Huchet A, et al. Descriptive epidemiology of CNS tumors in france: Results from the gironde registry for the period 2000-2007. Neuro Oncol 2011;13:1370-8.
• 8 Crocetti E, Trama A, Stiller C, Caldarella A, Soffietti R, Jaal J, et al. Epidemiology of glial and non-glial brain tumours in Europe. Eur J Cancer 2012;48:1532-42.
• 9 DeAngelis LM. Brain tumors. N Engl J Med 2001;344:114-23.
• 10 Fuller GN, Ribalta T. Brain Tumors: An Overview of Current Histopathologic Classification. In: Winn HR, editor. Youmans Neurological Surgery, 6th ed. Philadelphia PA: Elsevier Health Science; 2011. p. 1077-86.
• 11 Stiller CA, Desandes E, Danon SE, Izarzugaza I, Ratiu A, Vassileva-Valerianova Z, et al. Cancer incidence and survival in European adolescents (1978-1997). Report from the automated childhood cancer information system project. Eur J Cancer 2006;42:2006-18.
• 12 Wiemels J, Wrensch M, Claus EB. Epidemiology and etiology of meningioma. J Neurooncol 2010;99:307-14.
• 13 Michaud DS, Gallo V, Schlehofer B, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Overvad K, et al. Reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use in relation to risk of glioma and meningioma in a large European cohort study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19:2562-9.
• 14 Krampla W, Newrkla S, Pfisterer W, Jungwirth S, Fischer P, Leitha T, et al. Frequency and risk factors for meningioma in clinically healthy 75-year-old patients: Results of the transdanube ageing study (VITA). Cancer 2004;100:1208-12.
• 15 DeAngelis LM, Bruce JN. Tumors of the Skull and Cranial Nerves. In: Rowland, LP, Pedley, TA, editors. Merrit's Neurology, 12th ed. Philadelphia PA: Wolters Kluwer Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010. p. 378-86.
• 16 Jafarzadeh N, Faal A, Izanloo A, Farrokhi F, Ziaolhagh R, Hashemian HR, et al. Epidemiology of nervous system tumors according to WHO 2007 classification: A report of 1,164 cases from a single hospital. Int J Cancer Manage 2018;11:e11462.
• 17 Smoll NR, Drummond KJ. The incidence of medulloblastomas and primitive neurectodermal tumours in adults and children. J Clin Neurosci 2012;19:1541-4.
• 18 Meshkini A, Fakhrjou A, Fathi A. Prevalence of central nervous system tumors – A single center ten-year study in Tabriz Imam Khomeini hospital. Med J Tabriz Univ Med Sci 2010;31:76-82.