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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Radiol Imaging 2019; 29(03): 318-323
DOI: 10.4103/ijri.IJRI_341_19
Case Report

Left atrial isomerism associated with aneurysmal enlargement of right atrial appendage: A case report with literature review

Prateek Agarwal
Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka
,
Rajesh Kumar Agarwal
Department of Ultrasound, Meera Hospital, Shiv Marg, Bani Park, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Abstract

We present a prenatally diagnosed case of heterotaxy syndrome (HS) in which left atrial isomerism (LAI) was associated with an aneurysmal enlargement of the right atrial appendage (RAA). Although LAI is usually associated with complex cardiac and extracardiac anomalies, the association of LAI and right atrial appendage aneurysm (RAAA) is exceptional. Congenital RAAA itself is an idiopathic, very rare cardiac anomaly characterized by the enlargement of the appendage in the absence of any other cardiac or extra-cardiac defect. The prognosis of the heterotaxy is poor with associated major cardiac malformations and even cases with minor cardiac anomalies are at risk postnatally for complications like biliary atresia, intestinal rotational abnormalities, and immune disorders. In this case, the prenatal diagnosis of the isomerism was mainly based on the abnormalities of caval veins. Although no typical complex cardiac anomaly was present, the HS was associated with biliary atresia, polysplenia, and malrotation of the gut. Associated RAAA further imposed an additional risk of complications such as tachyarrhythmias, thromboembolic events, and aneurysmal rupture.

Keywords

Aneurysm - atrial appendage - heterotaxy - isomerism - polysplenia


Publication History

Received: 13 August 2019

Accepted: 10 September 2019

Article published online:
22 July 2021

© 2019. Indian Radiological Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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