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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Sleep Sci 2020; 13(01): 78-83
DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20190126
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25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and continuous positive airway pressure treatment: a brief review

Dimitra I. Siachpazidou
1   Laboratory of Respiratory Sleep Disorders, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
,
Vasileios Stavrou
2   Laboratory of Cardio-Pulmonary Testing, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
,
Spyridon Zouridis
3   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
,
Eudoxia Gogou
3   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
,
Nicholas-Tiberio Economou
4   Sleep Study Unit, Eginition Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
,
Chaido Pastaka
1   Laboratory of Respiratory Sleep Disorders, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
3   Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
,
Chrissi Hatzoglou
5   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
,
Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
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The aim of the present study is to summarize the information available, to time, regarding the relationship between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and vitamin-D (vD) levels. Moreover, the association between vD deficiency and OSA severity will also be examined. At the end of the present study the possible advantageous effect of CPAP on vD-levels will be summarized. Extensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane Library and Embase database. 13 articles were found concerning OSA and vD, of which 2 articles included treatment with a CPAP. Patients with OSA exhibit low levels of vD in the blood serum, and women present an even lower mean value than men. Lack of VD in blood serum seems to be related to the severity of the OSA syndrome, and to the short duration of sleep. OSA patients with concurrent metabolic syndrome exhibit lower serum vD-levels, as compared with those without metabolic syndrome. Long-term continuous positive airway pressure treatment (CPAP) treatment can increase vD-levels in male OSA patients while no change is observed in women. OSA patients demonstrate lower levels of vD in multiple studies. The severity of the OSA may be associated with vD-levels and deficiency, however more studies are needed to assess that relationship due to contradictions in current bibliography. CPAP can increase vD-levels in male patients. The relation between vD and OSA and/or CPAP is important but recent; therefore further research is needed about the exact relationship to be clarified. Also, the effect of gender hormones on vD regulation in OSA patients should be further investigated.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea - Vitamin D - Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Treatment - Adults


Publication History

Received: 20 August 2019

Accepted: 18 December 2019

Article published online:
09 November 2023

© 2023. Brazilian Sleep Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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