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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Sleep Sci 2021; 14(04): 311-318
DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20200104
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Sensitivity and specificity of four screening sleep-disordered breathing tests in patients with and without cardiovascular disease

Sandra Brigitte Amado-Garzón
1   Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio Bogota, Colombia.
2   Department of Internal Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Medical School Bogota, Colombia.
,
Alvaro J Ruiz
2   Department of Internal Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Medical School Bogota, Colombia.
3   Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Medical School Bogota, Colombia.
,
Martín Alonso Rondón-Sepúlveda
3   Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Medical School Bogota, Colombia.
,
Patricia Hidalgo-Martínez
1   Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio Bogota, Colombia.
2   Department of Internal Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Medical School Bogota, Colombia.
4   Pulmonology Unit - Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Universitario San Ignacio Bogota, Colombia.
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Objectives Polysomnogram is the gold standard for the diagnosis of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB); a sensitive and specific alternative strategy would be ideal, due to its low availability, and screening patients at high risk of OSA is very important. This study aimed to determine the operating characteristics of screening tests in patients with and without cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Material and Methods Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Berlin, STOP-bang and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were applied in adults with and without cardiovascular disease in three Colombian cities, as well as anthropometric measurements and a polysomnogram. Operating characteristics were calculated for each test and the best cut-off values in patients with and without CVD were obtained.

Results 964 patients (median age: 58), 662 with and 302 without CVD were included. The prevalence for SDB (AHI =5) were 43.4 % (OSA), 16.2% (central apnea), and 12.4 % (other). In patients without CVD, the highest sensitivity for OSA and central apnea was for PSQI (80-85%). The highest specificity was for STOP-bang (68%) and Berlin (78.6%). In CVD the best sensitivity was for PSQI (81.9%) followed by Berlin (71.9%) and the best specificity for STOP-bang (82.1%). No isolated questionnaire showed good diagnostic performance (AUC=0.6) and the cut-off values had no variations except for ESS.

Conclusion Screening tests showed low operating characteristics for the diagnosis to SDB, but better performance in patients with CVD. They are not recommended as the only diagnostic test, but they can be useful to guide the initial diagnostic process.

Sleep Apnea - Respiratory Disorders - Screening - Scales - Questionnaire - Altitude


Publication History

Received: 14 July 2020

Accepted: 25 January 2021

Article published online:
30 November 2023

© 2023. Brazilian Sleep Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

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