Download PDF
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Sleep Sci 2022; 15(S 01): 289-292
DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20220002
THEORETICAL ESSAYS

Beyond the absence of sleep disorder: spotlighting the cardiovascular benefits of sleep health

Jenny E Simon
1   Medical University of Warsaw, Faculty of Medicine - Warsaw - Masovian - Poland.
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
Also available at
   Permissions and Reprints

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally. Among the objectives of preventive cardiology is the design to understand and neutralise the clinical overlap between disordered sleep and CVDs. Seldom do studies measure ‘sleep health’ beyond the absence of disease. Explored herein are the cardiovascular (CV) outcomes of sleep health on the grounds that, more than a corollary of sleep disorder research, sleep health constitutes a critical determinant of cardiac health and disease not unlike diet and physical activity. That sleep interventions can reverse the CV consequences of poor sleep habits lends credence to the notion that sleep health benefits CV health, and that the importance of sleep health percolates far beyond sleep disorder research. Overall, sleep health, and its practicable correlate: sleep hygiene, are clinical imperatives in the foreseeable future of cardiology in the 24-hour society.

Sleep - Cardiovascular System - Cardiovascular Diseases - Public Policy


Publication History

Received: 04 May 2021

Accepted: 21 July 2021

Article published online:
01 December 2023

© 2023. Brazilian Sleep Association. This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Thieme Revinter Publicações Ltda.
Rua do Matoso 170, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 20270-135, Brazil

 

  • REFERENCES

  • 1 Mensah G, Roth G, Fuster V. The Global Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2019;74(20):2529-2532.
  • 2 Grandner M. Addressing sleep disturbances: An opportunity to prevent cardiometabolic disease?. International Review of Psychiatry. 2014;26(2):155-176.
  • 3 Czeisler C. Impact of Sleepiness and Sleep Deficiency on Public Health– Utility of Biomarkers. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. 2011;7(5 Suppl).
  • 4 Breslow L. A Quantitative Approach to the World Health Organization Definition of Health: Physical, Mental and Social Well-being. International Journal of Epidemiology. 1972;1(4):347-355.
  • 5 Julliard K, Klimenko E, Jacob M. Definitions of Health Among Healthcare Providers. Nursing Science Quarterly. 2006;19(3):265-271.
  • 6 Buysse D. Sleep Health: Can We Define It? Does It Matter?. Sleep. 2014;37(1):9-17.
  • 7 Gottlieb D, Redline S, Nieto F, Baldwin C, Newman A, Resnick H et al. Association of Usual Sleep Duration With Hypertension: The Sleep Heart Health Study. Sleep. 2006;29(8):1009-1014.
  • 8 Aggarwal S, Loomba R, Arora R, Molnar J. Associations Between Sleep Duration and Prevalence of Cardiovascular Events. Clinical Cardiology. 2013;36(11):671-676.
  • 9 Morovatdar N, Ebrahimi N, Rezaee R, Poorzand H, Bayat Tork MA, Sahebkar A. Sleep duration and risk of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review. J Atr Fibrillation. 2019;11(6):2132.
  • 10 Ohkuma T, Fujii H, Iwase M, Ogata-Kaizu S, Ide H, Kikuchi Y et al. U-shaped association of sleep duration with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes: The Fukuoka Diabetes Registry. Metabolism. 2014;63(4):484-491.
  • 11 Ye Y, Zhang L, Wang A, Wang Y, Wang S, Ning G, et al. Association of sleep duration with stroke, myocardial infarction, and tumors in a Chinese population with metabolic syndrome: a retrospective study. Lipids Health Dis. 2020;19(1):155.
  • 12 Grandner MA, Sands-Lincoln MR, Pak VM, Garland SN. Sleep duration, cardiovascular disease, and proinflammatory biomarkers. Nat Sci Sleep. 2013;5:93–107.
  • 13 Irwin MR, Wang M, Campomayor CO, Collado-Hidalgo A, Cole S. Sleep deprivation and activation of morning levels of cellular and genomic markers of inflammation. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(16):1756–62.
  • 14 Faraut B, Boudjeltia KZ, Vanhamme L, Kerkhofs M. Immune, inflammatory and cardiovascular consequences of sleep restriction and recovery. Sleep Med Rev. 2012;16(2):137–49.
  • 15 Zouaoui Boudjeltia, K., Faraut, B., Esposito, M.J., Stenuit, P., Dyzma, M., Van Antwerpen, P., Brohée, D., Vanhamme, L., Moguilevsky, N., Vanhaeverbeek, M. and Kerkhofs, M. (2011). Boudjeltia KZ, Faraut B, Esposito MJ, Stenuit P, Dyzma M, Van Antwerpen P, et al. Temporal dissociation between myeloperoxidase (MPO)-modified LDL and MPO elevations during chronic sleep restriction and recovery in healthy young men. PLoS One. 2011;6(11):e28230.. PLoS ONE, 6(11), p.e28230.
  • 16 Zhong X, Hilton HJ, Gates GJ, Jelic S, Stern Y, Bartels MN, et al. Increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic cardiovascular modulation in normal humans with acute sleep deprivation. J Appl Physiol. 2005;98(6):2024–32.
  • 17 Kondo Y, Kuwahira I, Shimizu M, Nagai A, Iwamoto T, Kato S, et al. Significant relationship between platelet activation and apnea-hypopnea index in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Tokai J Exp Clin Med. 2011;36(3):79–83.
  • 18 Robinson GV, Pepperell JCT, Segal HC, Davies RJO, Stradling JR. Circulating cardiovascular risk factors in obstructive sleep apnoea: data from randomised controlled trials. Thorax. 2004;59(9):777–82.
  • 19 Tobaldini E, Fiorelli EM, Solbiati M, Costantino G, Nobili L, Montano N. Short sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk: from pathophysiology to clinical evidence. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2019;16(4):213–24.
  • 20 www.euro.who.int. (n.d.). Data and statistics. [online] Available at: https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/noncommunicablediseases/ cardiovascular-diseases/data-and-statistics#:~:text=CVD%20 causes%2046%20times%20the.
  • 21 Haack M, Serrador J, Cohen D, Simpson N, Meier-Ewert H, Mullington JM. Increasing sleep duration to lower beat-to-beat blood pressure: a pilot study. J Sleep Res. 2013;22(3):295–304.
  • 22 Somers VK, Conway J, Johnston J, Sleight P. Effects of endurance training on baroreflex sensitivity and blood pressure in borderline hypertension. Lancet. 1991;337(8754):1363–8.
  • 23 Blumenthal JA, Babyak MA, Hinderliter A, Watkins LL, Craighead L, Lin P-H, et al. Effects of the DASH diet alone and in combination with exercise and weight loss on blood pressure and cardiovascular biomarkers in men and women with high blood pressure: the ENCORE study: The ENCORE study. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(2):126–35.
  • 24 Leproult R, Deliens G, Gilson M, Peigneux P. Beneficial impact of sleep extension on fasting insulin sensitivity in adults with habitual sleep restriction. Sleep. 2015;38(5):707–15.
  • 25 Killick R, Hoyos CM, Melehan KL, Dungan GC 2nd, Poh J, Liu PY. Metabolic and hormonal effects of “catch-up” sleep in men with chronic, repetitive, lifestyle-driven sleep restriction. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2015;83(4):498–507.
  • 26 Full KM, Gallo LC, Malhotra A, Bellettiere J, Kerr J, Arredondo E, et al. Modeling the cardiometabolic benefits of sleep in older women: exploring the 24-hour day. Sleep [Internet]. 2020;43(1). Available from: https://academic. oup.com/sleep/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/sleep/zsz205
  • 27 German C, Makarem N, Fanning J, Redline S, Elfassy T, McClain A, et al. Sleep, sedentary behavior, physical activity, and cardiovascular health: MESA: MESA. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2021;53(4):724–31.
  • 28 Henst RHP, Pienaar PR, Roden LC, Rae DE. The effects of sleep extension on cardiometabolic risk factors: A systematic review. Journal of Sleep Research. 2019;28(6).
  • 29 Cappuccio FP, Taggart FM, Kandala N-B, Currie A, Peile E, Stranges S, et al. Meta-Analysis of Short Sleep Duration and Obesity in Children and Adults. Obesity and metabolism. 2009;6(1):619–26.
  • 30 Cooper CB, Neufeld EV, Dolezal BA, Martin JL. Sleep deprivation and obesity in adults: a brief narrative review. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine. 2018;4(1).
  • 31 Xiao Q, Arem H, Moore SC, Hollenbeck AR, Matthews CE. A Large Prospective Investigation of Sleep Duration, Weight Change, and Obesity in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study Cohort. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2013;178(11):1600–10.
  • 32 Patel SR, Malhotra A, White DP, Gottlieb DJ, Hu FB. Association between Reduced Sleep and Weight Gain in Women. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2006;164(10):947–54.
  • 33 Burman, D. 2017. Sleep disorders: insomnia. FP Essentials. 2017;460:22–8.
  • 34 Barnes CM, Drake CL. Prioritizing sleep health: Public health policy recommendations: Public health policy recommendations. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2015;10(6):733–7.
  • 35 Shaikh Z. Sleep medicine and the cardiologist. Heart. 2020;106(11):864–5.
  • 36 Lee S, McCann D, Messenger JC. Working time around the world: trends in working hours, laws, and policies in a global comparative perspective. London: Routledge; 2016.
  • 37 Proper KI, van de Langenberg D, Rodenburg W, Vermeulen RCH, van der Beek AJ, van Steeg H, et al. The Relationship Between Shift Work and Metabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 2016;50(5).
  • 38 Vyas MV, Garg AX, Iansavichus AV, Costella J, Donner A, Laugsand LE, et al. Shift work and vascular events: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2012;345(jul26 1).
  • 39 Manfredini R, Fabbian F, Cappadona R, De Giorgi A, Bravi F, Carradori T, et al. Daylight Saving Time and Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta- Analysis. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2019;8(3):404.
  • 40 Chattu VK, Manzar MD, Kumary S, Burman D, Spence DW, Pandi- Perumal SR. The global problem of insufficient sleep and its serious public health implications. Healthcare (Basel). 2018;7(1):1.