Narrative Review about Importance of Nutrition on Survivors and in the Prevention of Cancer

ABSTRACT

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in Brazil. This study aimed to review the nutrition role in prevention and post-treatment of cancer as a health promoter. Regarding prevention, when analyzing lifestyle (obesity and physical activity), there was a positive correlation between body mass index and body fat with incidence in several types of cancer; physical activity shown an inverse correlation. Ethanol consumption, frying, red meat and processed meats eaten carefully or even avoided. Differently, the consumption of fruits and vegetables should be stimulated. Bioactive compounds are shown with well elucidated actions, and also as a healthy eating habit. In relation to survivors, the healthy lifestyle is capable of ensuring a better quality of life for this population, as well as preventing them from new diseases. This review highlights the importance of adequate lifestyle and eating habits, stimulates public health policy and more scientific research in this field.

RESUMO

O câncer é a segunda principal causa de morte no Brasil. Este estudo teve como objetivo revisar o papel da nutrição como promotor de saúde na prevenção e pós-tratamento do câncer. Em relação à prevenção, ao analisar o estilo de vida (obesidade e atividade física), houve correlação entre o índice de massa corporal e a gordura corporal com a incidência de vários tipos de câncer; atividade física apresentou correlação inversa. Consumo de etanol, fritura, carne vermelha e carnes processadas consumidas com cuidado ou até mesmo evitadas. Diferentemente, o consumo de frutas e vegetais deve ser estimulado. Compostos bioativos são apontados como esclarecidas boas ações e, também, como um hábito alimentar saudável. Em relação aos sobreviventes, o estilo de vida saudável é capaz de garantir melhor qualidade de vida para esta população, bem como previne-a de novas doenças. Esta revisão destaca a importância de um estilo de vida e hábitos alimentares adequados, estimula a política de saúde pública e mais pesquisas neste campo.

Keywords:

Primary prevention - Cancer survivors - Nutritional requirements - Healthy lifestyle.

Descritores:

Prevenção primária - Sobreviventes de câncer - Necessidades nutricionais - Estilo de vida saudável.

AUTHOR'S CONTRIBUTION

Giovanna Guimarães Lopes: Collection and assembly of data, Data analysis and interpretation, Manuscript writing, Provision of study materials or patient.

Renan Gianotto Oliveira: Conception and design, Final approval of manuscript.

Silvia Maria Fraga Piovacari: Final approval of manuscript.

Maria do Carmo Azevedo Leung: Conception and design.

Diogo Oliveira Toledo: Collection and assembly of data, Final approval of manuscript.

Ana Paula Noronha Barrere: Conception and design, Final approval of manuscript, Provision of study materials or patient.

Publication History

Received: 02 April 2019

Accepted: 04 July 2019

Article published online:
20 August 2019

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