Gallbladder and other pathologies: 7,788 cases, a cohort study in North Western India

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Gallbladder diseases are a well-studied subset of diseases in the Gangetic belt of India. But, the prevalence of gallbladder diseases, both benign and malignant (as a whole subset) has not been studied in Eastern Rajasthan yet. This study aims to provide an epidemiological overview of all histopathologically proven gall bladder diseases from standard pathology laboratories of Jaipur.

Material and Methods: In this chart review analysis, we scrutinized all the records of histopathologically proven diseases at four major pathology departments and labs in Jaipur, Rajasthan over five years; of which 7,788 patients had gallbladder pathologies. We harnessed this raw data of gall bladder pathologies to obtain meaningful results.

Results: Histopathological analysis revealed the percentage of gall bladder diseases overall of all the histopathologically proven diseases, in Rajasthan as 2.59%. The malignant pathologies accounted for 2.65% of it. Cholelithiasis (41.32%) was the most common benign pathology with acute cholecystitis with cholelithiasis (29.49%), chronic cholecystitis with cholelithiasis (18.73%), acute cholecystitis (8.28%), acalculous cholecystitis (1.11%), reactive hyperplasia (0.69%), mucocele (0.09%) and xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (0.08%) in descending order of frequency. Adenocarcinoma (83.49%) was the most common malignant pathology found, followed by undifferentiated carcinoma (5.34%), squamous cell carcinoma (4.85%) and adenosquamous carcinoma (1.94%) in that order. Gradewise, malignancies were the most commonly of grade 2. The sex ratio favoured females in both the subsets; being 1:4 for benign and 1:2 for malignant pathologies. 61 to 70 years of age is the most affected age group for gall bladder malignancies for both the sexes.

Conclusion: This study would make the difference in the national average and contribute hugely to the national registry, since it showcases the analysed data from a large geographic location of the country. It would also benefit the clinicians of Rajasthan in better decision-making for the patients of this region.

RESUMO

Introdução: As doenças da vesícula biliar são um subconjunto bem estudado de doenças no cinturão Gangético da índia. Mas, a prevalência de doenças da vesícula biliar, benignas e malignas (como um subconjunto completo) ainda não foi estudada no leste do Rajastão. Este estudo tem como objetivo fornecer uma visão epidemiológica de todas as doenças da vesícula biliar comprovadas histopatologicamente dos laboratórios de patologia padrão de Jaipur.

Material e Métodos: Nesta análise de revisão de prontuários, examinamos todos os registros de doenças comprovadas histopatologicamente em quatro grandes departamentos e laboratórios de patologia em Jaipur, Rajasthan, durante cinco anos; dos quais 7.788 pacientes apresentavam patologias da vesícula biliar. Aproveitamos esses dados brutos de patologias da vesícula biliar para obter resultados significativos.

Resultados: A análise histopatológica revelou a porcentagem de doenças da vesícula biliar em geral de todas as doenças comprovadas histopatologicamente, em Rajasthan como 2,59%. As patologias malignas representaram 2,65% disso. A colelitíase (41,32%) foi a patologia benigna mais comum com colecistite aguda com colelitíase (29,49%), colecistite crônica com colelitíase (18,73%), colecistite aguda (8,28%), colecistite acalculosa (1,11%), hiperplasia reativa (0,69%), mucocele (0,09%) e colecistite xantogranulomatosa (0,08%) em ordem decrescente de frequência. O adenocarcinoma (83,49%) foi a patologia maligna mais encontrada, seguido do carcinoma indiferenciado (5,34%), carcinoma espinocelular (4,85%) e carcinoma adenoescamoso (1,94%), nesta ordem. Grau gradativamente, as malignidades foram as mais comumente de grau 2. A razão sexual favoreceu as mulheres em ambos os subconjuntos; sendo 1:4 para patologias benignas e 1:2 para patologias malignas. A faixa etária de 61 a 70 anos é a mais acometida pelas malignidades da vesícula biliar em ambos os sexos.

Conclusão: Este estudo faria a diferença na média nacional e contribuiria sobremaneira para o cadastro nacional, pois mostra os dados analisados de uma grande localização geográfica do país. Também beneficiaria os médicos do Rajastão em uma melhor tomada de decisão para os pacientes desta região.

Keywords:

Gallbladder neoplasms - Neoplasms - India - Epidemiology

Descritores:

Neoplasias da vesícula biliar - Neoplasias - índia - Epidemiologia

Publication History

Received: 08 August 2022

Accepted: 31 October 2022

Article published online:
13 December 2022

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