Tee – weit mehr als ein Getränk?

Zusammenfassung

Tee trinken gehört seit Jahrtausenden zur menschlichen Geschichte. Tee war schon im alten China als Heilmittel bekannt und wurde im Lauf der Zeit zum alltäglichen Getränk. Tee ist ein Supercocktail mit vielfältigen Wirkungen. Obwohl die Inhaltsstoffe des Tees, besonders das Koffein und die Polyphenole, in vitro antioxidative, entzündungshemmende, antimikrobielle, antikarzinogene, blutdrucksenkende, neuroprotektive, cholesterinsenkende und thermogene Eigenschaften besitzen, sind die Ergebnisse am Menschen bisher sehr heterogen und nur in durch wenige Studien mit geringen Patientenzahlen belegt. Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über klinische Studien zur Wirkung von schwarzem und grünem Tee bei Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen, Krebs, Hauterkrankungen sowie Wirkungen auf das Körperfett.

Abstract

Tea - far more than a drink?

Drinking tea has been considered a health-promoting habit since ancient times. The modern medicinal research is providing a scientific basis for this belief. Encouraging data showing cancer-preventive effects of green tea from cell-culture, animal and human studies have emerged. Evidence is accumulating that black tea may have similar beneficial effects. Tea consumption has also been shown to be useful for prevention of many debilitating human diseases that include maintenance of cardiovascular and metabolic health. Various studies suggest that polyphenolic compounds present in green and black tea are associated with beneficial effects in prevention of cardiovascular diseases, particularly of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Evidence is accumulating that catechins, especially (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which is the main polyphenolic compound of green and black tea, respectively, are responsible for most of the physiological effects of tea. Encouraging data from many trials are available. However, results from human studies are not always positive, which may be due to the fact that in animal studies higher doses of tea are used than those consumed by humans and also, that in animal studies the experimental conditions are generally optimized for the evaluation of a protective effect. Large-scale well-controlled human clinical trials are necessary to establish the postulated health promoting effects of tea consumption. Based on these findings, recommendations to human population could be made.

This article describes the evidences from experimental, clinical and epidemiological studies in the prevention of chronic diseases like cancer, cardiovascular diseases and skin diseases as well as body weight reduction associated with black and green tea consumption.

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