Rückkehr an den Arbeitsplatz nach psychischer Erkrankung – Ein Scoping Review

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Erwerbstätige mit einer psychischen Erkrankung haben nach einer psychischen Krise oft massive Schwierigkeiten, ihre Arbeit wiederaufzunehmen. Ziel des Reviews ist, einen internationalen Überblick über Return-to-Work (RTW)-Interventionen zu geben.

Methode Es wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche durchgeführt.

Ergebnisse 88 Artikel wurden gesichtet und 29 Studien eingeschlossen. Die untersuchten RTW-Interventionen setzen an 3 Punkten an: 1) Individuum, 2) Arbeitsumfeld und 3) Versorgungsstruktur. Für den überwiegenden Teil zeigt sich, dass die Maßnahmen eine positive Wirkung erzielen.

Schlussfolgerungen Obgleich nicht alle Interventionen auf den deutschen Kontext übertragen werden können, so geben sie wichtige Hinweise, wie ein Unterstützungsangebot an der Schnittstelle zwischen Gesundheitssystem und Arbeit gestaltet werden kann.

Abstract

Objective Workers on sick-leave due to a mental disorder have enormous problems to return to work. The main objective of this review is to examine different return-to-work (RTW) interventions.

Methods We conduct a systematic literature research.

Results 88 articles were screened and 29 studies included. The included RTW-interventions build on different approaches: 1) individual, 2) workplace, 3) mental health services. The majority of the interventions showed positive effects on the return-to-work process.

Conclusion Even if not all interventions could be readily transferred to the German context, the findings indicate ways improving the transition from the mental health system to the workplace.

Schlüsselwörter

Return to work - psychische Erkrankungen - Intervention - Versorgungskontext - Scoping Review

Keywords

return to work - mental disorders - intervention - setting - scoping review

• Literatur

• 1 Badura B, Ducki D, Schröder H, Klose J, Meyer M. Hrsg. Fehlzeiten-Report 2018. Sinn erleben – Arbeit und Gesundheit. Berlin: Springer; 2018
• 2 OECD. Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work. Paris: OECD Publishing; 2012
• 3 Marwaha S, Johnson S. Schizophrenia and employment. A review. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2004; 39: 337-349
• 4 Tapfumaneyi A, Johnson S, Joyce J. et al. Predictors of vocational activity over the first year in inner-citiy early intervention in psychosis services. Early Intervention in Psychiatry 2015; 9: 447-458
• 5 OECD. Fit Mind, Fit Job. From Evidence to Practice in Mental Health and Work. Paris: OECD Publishing; 2015
• 6 van der Noordt M, Ijzelenberg H, Droomers M. et al. Health effects of employment: A systematic review of prospective studies. Occup Environ Med 2014; 71: 730-736
• 7 Marwaha S, Johnson S. Views and experiences of employment among people with psychosis: A qualitative descriptive study. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 2005; 51: 302-316
• 8 Jäckel D, Siebert S, Baumgardt J. et al. Arbeitsbezogene Teilhabebeeinträchtigungen und Unterstützungsbedarf von Patienten in der (teil-)stationären psychiatrischen Versorgung. Psychiat Prax 2020; 47: 235-241
• 9 Mernyi L, Hölzle P, Hamann J. Berufstätigkeit und Rückkehr an den Arbeitsplatz bei stationär psychiatrisch behandelten Patienten. Psychiat Prax 2018; 45: 197-205
• 10 Mikkelsen MB, Rosholm M. Systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions aimed at enhancing return to work for sick-listed workers with common mental disorders, stress-related disorders, somatoform disorders and personality disorders. Occup Environ 2018; 75: 675-686
• 11 Finnes A, Enebrink P, Ghaderi A. et al. Psychological treatments for return to work in individuals on sickness absence due to common mental disorders or musculoskeletal disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 2019; 92: 273-293
• 12 Corbière M, Mazaniello-Chézol M, Bastien MF. et al. Stakeholders’ Role and Actions in the Return-to-Work Process of Workers on Sick-Leave Due to Common Mental Disorders: A Scoping Review. J Occup Rehabil 2020; 30: 381-419
• 13 Tricco AC, Lillie E, Wasifa Z. et al. PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and Explanation. Annals of Internal Medicine
• 14 Silva A, Fischer FM. Teachers’ sick leave due to mental and behavioral disorders and return to work. Work 2012; 41: 5815-5818
• 15 Netterstrøm B, Hurwitz Eller N, Borritz M. Prognostic Factors of Returning to Work after Sick Leave due to Work-Related Common Mental Disorders: A One- and Three-Year Follow-Up Study. BioMed research international
• 16 Løvvik C, Overland S, Hysing M. et al. Association between illness perceptions and return-to-work expectations in workers with common mental health symptoms. J Occup Rehabil 2014; 24: 160-170
• 17 Lammerts L, van Dongen JM, Schaafsma FG. et al. Process Evaluation of a Participatory Supportive Return to Work Program for Workers Without a Permanent Employment Contract, Sick-Listed Due to a Common Mental Disorder. Journal of occupational rehabilitation 2017; 27: 159-172
• 18 Wåhlin C, Ekberg K, Persson J. et al. Association between clinical and work-related interventions and return-to-work for patients with musculoskeletal or mental disorders. J Rehabil Med 2012; 44: 355-362
• 19 Lagerveld S, Blonk RWB, Brenninkmeijer VE. et al. Work-focused treatment of common mental disorders and return to work: a comparative outcome study. J Occup Health Psychol 2012; 17: 220-234
• 20 Brämberg EB, Holmgren K, Bültmann U. et al. Increasing return-to-work among people on sick leave due to common mental disorders: design of a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a problem-solving intervention versus care-as-usual conducted in the Swedish primary health care system (PROSA). BMC Public Health
• 21 van Beurden KM, van der Klink JJL, Brouwers EPM. et al. Effect of an intervention to enhance guideline adherence of occupational physicians on return-to-work self-efficacy in workers sick-listed with common mental disorders. BMC Public Health
• 22 van Beurden KM, Joosen MCW, Terluin B. et al. Use of a mental health guideline by occupational physicians and associations with return to work in workers sick-listed due to common mental disorders: a retrospective cohort study. Disabil Rehabil 2017;
• 23 Victor M, Lau B, Ruud T. Patient characteristics in a return to work programme for common mental disorders: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health
• 24 Victor M, Lau B, Ruud T. Predictors of return to work among patients in treatment for common mental disorders: a pre-post study. BMC Public Health
• 25 Victor M, Lau B, Ruud T. Predictors of Return to Work 6 Months After the End of Treatment in Patients with Common Mental Disorders: A Cohort Study. J Occup Rehabil
• 26 Pedersen P, Sogaard HJ, Yde BF. et al. Psychoeducation to facilitate return to work in individuals on sick leave and at risk of having a mental disorder: protocol of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health
• 27 Andersen MF, Nielsen K, Brinkmann S. How do Workers with Common Mental Disorders Experience a Multidisciplinary Return-to-Work Intervention? A Qualitative Study. J Occup Rehabil 2014; 24: 709-724
• 28 Dewa CS, Hoch JS. Estimating the net benefit of a specialized return-to-work program for workers on short-term disability related to a mental disorder: an example exploring investment in collaborative care. Journal of occupational and environmental medicine 2014; 56: 628-631
• 29 Brouwers E, Terluin B, Tiemens BG. et al. Predicting return to work in employees sick-listed due to minor mental disorders. J Occup Rehabil 2009; 19: 323-332
• 30 de Weerd BJ, van Dijk MK, van der Linden JN. et al. The effectiveness of a convergence dialogue meeting with the employer in promoting return to work as part of the cognitive-behavioural treatment of common mental disorders: A randomized controlled trial. Work 2016; 54: 647-655
• 31 Poulsen R, Hoff A, Fisker J. et al. Integrated mental health care and vocational rehabilitation to improve return to work rates for people on sick leave because of depression and anxiety (the Danish IBBIS trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials
• 32 Salomonsson S, Santoft F, Lindsäter E. et al. Cognitive-behavioural therapy and return-to-work intervention for patients on sick leave due to common mental disorders: a randomised controlled trial. Occup Environ Med 2017; 74: 905-912
• 33 Björk L, Glise K, Pousette A. et al. Involving the employer to enhance return to work among patients with stress-related mental disorders – study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial in Swedish primary health care. BMC Public Health
• 34 Hayashi K, Taira Y, Maeda T. et al. What inhibits working women with mental disorders from returning to their workplace? A study of systematic re-employment support in a medical institution. BioPsychoSocial medicine
• 35 Berglund E, Anderzén J, Andersén A. et al. Multidisciplinary Intervention and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Return-to-Work and Increased Employability among Patients with Mental Illness and/or Chronic Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health
• 36 Nieuwenhuijsen K, Noordik E, van Dijk FJH. et al. Return to work perceptions and actual return to work in workers with common mental disorders. J Occup Rehabil 2013; 23: 290-299
• 37 Ubalde-Lopez M, Arends I, Almansa J. et al. Beyond Return to Work: The Effect of Multimorbidity on Work Functioning Trajectories After Sick Leave due to Common Mental Disorders. J Occup Rehabil 2017; 27: 210-217
• 38 van der Feltz-Cornelis CM, Hoedeman R, de Jong FJ. et al. Faster return to work after psychiatric consultation for sicklisted employees with common mental disorders compared to care as usual. A randomized clinical trial. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment 2010; 6: 375-385
• 39 Volker D, Zijlstra-Vlasveld MC, Anema JR. et al. Effectiveness of a blended web-based intervention on return to work for sick-listed employees with common mental disorders: results of a cluster randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res
• 40 Arends I, van der Klinik JJL, van Rhenen W. et al. Predictors of recurrent sickness absence among workers having returned to work after sickness absence due to common mental disorders. Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health 2014; 40: 195-202
• 41 Arends I, Almansa J, Stansfeld SA. et al. One-year trajectories of mental health and work outcomes post return to work in patients with common mental disorders. Journal of Affective Disorders 2019; 257: 263-270
• 42 Yoshitsugu K, Kuroda K, Hiroyama Y. et al. Concise set of files for smooth return to work in employees with mental disorders. Springerplus 2013;
• 43 Noordik E, van der Klink JJ, Geskus RB. et al. Effectiveness of an exposure-based return-to-work program for workers on sick leave due to common mental disorders: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Scand J Work Environ Health 2013; 39: 144-154
• 44 Hillert A, Weber A, Köllner V. Stufenweise Wiedereingliederung in den Arbeitsprozess. Das „Hamburger-Modell“ in Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik. Psychotherapie im Dialog 2016; 2: 68-73
• 45 Schneider U, Linder R, Verheyen F. Long-term sick leave and the impact of a graded return-to-work program: evidence from germany. Eur J Health Econ 2016; 17: 629-643
• 46 Jäckel D, Hoffmann H. Inklusion in den allgemeinen Arbeitsmarkt als Ziel der Rehabilitation. In: Kawohl W, Rössler W. Hrsg. Arbeit und Psyche. Grundlagen, Therapie, Rehabilitation, Prävention – Ein Handbuch. Stuttgart: Kohlhammer; 2018: 207-236
• 47 Linden M, Muschalla B. Arbeitsplatzbezogene Ängste und Arbeitsplatzphobie. Nervenarzt 2007; 78: 39-44
• 48 Balint EM, von Wietersheim J, Gündel H. et al. Die Psychosomatische Sprechstunde im Betrieb – ein Zukunftsmodell?. Praxis Klinische Verhaltensmedizin und Rehabilitation 2018; 101: 38-47
• 49 Arends I, Bruinvels DJ, Rebergen DS. et al. Interventions to facilitate return to work in adults with adjustment disorders. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
• 50 Nieuwenhuijsen K, Faber B, Verbeek JH. et al. Interventions to improve return to work in depressed people. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014;