In den letzten Jahren nimmt die Spiroergometrie bei der präoperativen Risikobeurteilung einen zunehmenden Stellenwert ein. Dabei steht die körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit als prognostischer
Faktor für die perioperative Mortalität und Morbidität im Vordergrund. Im Folgenden soll ein Einblick in die Grundlagen, wichtigsten Parameter und Relevanz der Untersuchung für diesen
Einsatzbereich gegeben werden.
Abstract
Physical performance is considered as a prognostic factor for perioperative mortality and morbidity. Thus, in recent years, spiroergometry has gained increasing significance in preoperative
assessment. Beside the measurement of functional capacity, spiroergometric results may yield indications for cardiocirculatory or pulmonary disorders. A significant increased risk profile is
reflected in the values VO2max < 15 ml/kg/min, VO2 at the first ventilatory threshold (VT1) < 11 ml/kg/min, and VE/VCO2 at VT1 > 34. Prior to the
examination, contraindications should be taken into account and standardized conduction must be adhered to. Many studies substantiate the positive effect of prehabilitation on morbidity,
quality of life, and length of hospitalization, in particular in abdominal, thoracic and hepatobiliary surgery. Using the data acquired in the performance diagnostic, an optimized individual
training plan can be drawn up. Besides, the risk evaluation contributes to planning surgical and anaesthetic procedures. Regular training and interdisciplinary teamwork are of utmost
importance for the correct interpretation and application of the partly rather complex results.
Schlüsselwörter
körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit - kardiorespiratorische Fitness - funktionelle Kapazität - Prähabilitation - Spiroergometrie
Keywords
cardiopulmonary fitness - functional capacity - prehabilitation - spiroergometry
