Medikamentös bedingte Kardiomyopathien

Kardiovaskuläre Nebenwirkungen medikamentöser Therapien haben einen signifikanten Einfluss auf die Morbidität und Mortalität von Patienten. Dieser Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht über wichtige Substanzgruppen mit kardiotoxischen Nebenwirkungen und fasst Prinzipien der Diagnostik und Therapie zusammen. Eine gute Kenntnis der Charakteristika spezifischer kardialer Nebenwirkungen kann dazu beitragen, die Behandlung von Patienten zu verbessern.

Abstract

Drug-induced cardiovascular side effects have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. The demographic change and improved long-term survival particularly in cancer patients have caused an increasing number of affected patients, hence emphasizing the importance of the best possible treatment of such complications. This article gives an overview of classic and modern groups of substances with cardiotoxic effects and summarizes the principles of diagnostics and therapy. After characterizing the common cardiovascular side effects caused by anthracycline chemotherapy, we focus on complications caused by modern forms of immunotherapy, considering its significant impact on oncological therapy in the future due to its growing clinical application. In addition to specific cancer therapies, accompanying measures such as blood transfusions in patients with hematologic diseases can also lead to severe cardiovascular complications. In the last section, we classify important features and therapeutic approaches in cardiac involvement of transfusion-related hemochromatosis. A good knowledge of the characteristics of specific cardiovascular side effects can help to improve the management of affected patients.

Schlüsselwörter

Hämochromatose - Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitor-Therapie - Kardiotoxizität - onkologische Kardiologie

Key words

cardio-oncology - cardiotoxicity - immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy - hemochromatosis

Publication History

Article published online:
16 November 2022

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