Traction method using slim biopsy forceps for prevention of stent migration during multiple biliary stent placement

Stent migration is a possible complication encountered during placement of multiple biliary stents [1]. The SpyBite Max Biopsy Forceps (Boston Scientific Endoscopy, Natick, Massachusetts, United States), which are very slim biopsy forceps, have been developed for biopsy during peroral cholangioscopy. The forceps are introduced simultaneously from the same working channel of the duodenoscope during placement of the 7-Fr or 8.5-Fr biliary stent. Herein, we present a novel traction technique using SpyBite to prevent stent migration during placement of multiple stents.

Case 1: In an 85-year-old man with obstructive jaundice owing to lymph metastasis of lung cancer, computed tomography revealed a biliary stricture extending beyond the bifurcation of the common hepatic duct, requiring multiple biliary drainages. After stent placement into B6, we attempted to add a plastic stent to B8; however, the first stent almost migrated into the bile duct. By grasping the flap of the first stent using the SpyBite, we successfully placed the second stent without migration of the first ([Fig. 1], [Fig. 2]; [Video 1]).

Fig. 1 Case 1. Endoscopic view during multiple biliary stent placement. The first stent almost migrates into the bile duct.

Fig. 2 Case 1. Endoscopic view during traction method using the SpyBite Max Biopsy Forceps. By grasping the flap of the first stent using the SpyBite forceps, the second stent is successfully placed without migration of the first stent.

Video 1 Successful prevention of stent migration during placement of multiple stents in two cases.

Case 2: An 84-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for obstructive jaundice owing to a serous cystic neoplasm and underwent endoscopic ultrasonography-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS). One month thereafter, reintervention was required because of obstructive cholangitis. We attempted to place three plastic stents. During the placement of the third stent, the first stent almost migrated into the abdominal cavity. The third stent was successfully placed when the flap of the first stent was grasped using SpyBite ([Fig. 3], [Fig. 4], [Fig. 5]; [Video 1]).

Fig. 3 Case 2. Endoscopic view during multiple biliary stent placement via the endoscopic ultrasonography-guided hepaticogastrostomy route. The first stent almost migrates into the abdominal cavity.

Fig. 4 Case 2. Endoscopic view during traction method using the SpyBite forceps.

Fig. 5 Case 2. Endoscopic view after successful placement of multiple stents.

Despite reports of troubleshooting for retrieval of a migrated stent [2] [3] [4], retrieval of the stent can be challenging once migration occurs; therefore, prevention is important. Endoscopists should be aware of the characteristics of the scopes and devices used routinely, such as the diameter of the working channel and devices, which may be helpful in troubleshooting.

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Competing interests

Akio Katanuma, as a guest lecturer, received honoraria from Olympus Co., Tokyo, Japan. Kosuke Iwano, Tsuyoshi Hayashi, Tatsuya Ishi, and Kuniyuki Takahashi declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Acknowledgment

We would like to thank Editage for English language editing.

• References

• 1 Tarnasky PR, Cotton PB, Baillie J. et al. Proximal migration of biliary stents: attempted endoscopic retrieval in forty-one patients. Gastrointest Endosc 1995; 42: 513-520
• 2 Abdelgelil A, Kumbhari V, Tieu AH. et al. Snare-over-scope technique for retrieval of a proximally migrated biliary stent. Endoscopy 2014; 46: E650-E651
• 3 Mangiavillano B, Masci E. An obstructive, proximally migrated plastic biliary stent extracted with a “modified” Seldinger technique and a polypectomy snare. Endoscopy 2007; 39: E256
• 4 Bas-Cutrina F, Garcia-Sumalla A, Velasquez J. et al. Removal of a migrated biliary stent using new digital cholangioscopy retrieval devices in a transplant patient. Endoscopy 2019; 51: E323-E324

Publication History

Article published online:
01 September 2022