Die dissoziative Identitätsstörung transtheoretisch verstehen und behandeln: Ein Fallbericht

Zusammenfassung

Die dissoziative Identitätsstörung ist die schwerste dissoziative Störung und kann in ihrer Komplexität weder durch das Trauma-Modell noch durch das soziokognitive Modell hinreichend erklärt werden. Transtheoretische Modelle legen eine Interaktion von traumatischen Erfahrungen mit kulturellen, kognitiven und sozialen Einflüssen für die Ätiopathogenese des Störungsbildes nahe. Daraus ergeben sich bedeutende Impulse für die Behandlung, in der neben einer Verarbeitung traumatischer Erinnerungen auch eine Verbesserung der Emotionsregulation sowie eine Modifikation dysfunktionaler Annahmen über das Gedächtnis erfolgen sollte. Einer Ausgestaltung von Teilidentitäten sollte kein Vorschub geleistet werden. Ein derartiges therapeutisches Vorgehen im Rahmen stationärer Psychotherapie wird beschrieben.

Abstract

Dissociative identity disorder is the most severe of the dissociative disorders and neither the trauma model nor the sociocognitive model provide a satisfactory account of its complexity. Transtheoretical models propose an interaction of traumatic experiences as well as cultural, cognitive, and social factors in the development of the disorder. This perspective has important implications for the treatment which should encompass a reprocessing of traumatic memories, emotional regulation skills, and a modification of dysfunctional beliefs about memory. An elaboration of dissociative identities should be prevented. A corresponding inpatient treatment approach is described.

Schlüsselwörter

Dissoziative Identitätsstörung - Trauma - Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing - Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie

Key words

Dissociative identity disorder - Trauma - Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing - Cognitive behavioral therapy

Publication History

Received: 06 February 2023

Accepted: 11 May 2023

Article published online:
10 July 2023

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