Neues zur Behandlung von Gliomen

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Gegenstand und Ziel Gliome sind die häufigsten hirneigenen Tumore bei Erwachsenen. Traditionellerweise erfolgte die Klassifikation nach histomorphologischen Kriterien. Im Update der Klassifikation der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) für Tumoren des Zentralnervensystems (ZNS) von 2021 haben molekulare Marker eine noch stärkere Bedeutung für die Einteilung/Diagnose und Behandlung von Gliomen gewonnen.

Material und Methoden Aktuelle Empfehlungen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurologie, der European Association of Neuro-Oncology sowie der nordamerikanischen Society for Neuro-Oncology sind systematisch ausgewertet und synoptisch zusammengetragen worden.

Ergebnisse Neue Entitäten von Gliomen sind definiert worden. Neue Studiendaten sind verfügbar, insbesondere für die Behandlung von Tumoren mit einer Mutation der Isozitrat-Dehydrogenase (IDH). Derzeit untersuchen internationale Studien mögliche neue Therapieansätze.

Schlussfolgerungen Die nachfolgende Übersicht stellt ausgewählte Aspekte der aktuellen multimodalen Behandlung von Gliomen beim Erwachsenen und vielversprechende innovative Ansätze künftiger Entwicklungen heraus.

ABSTRACT

Objective Gliomas are the most common brain tumors in adults. Traditionally, classification was based on histomorphological criteria. According to the 2021 update of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), molecular markers have become even more important for the classification/diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.

Material and Methods Current recommendations from the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurologie, the European Association of Neuro-Oncology and the North American Society for Neuro-Oncology have been systematically evaluated and compiled in synoptic form.

Results New entities of gliomas have been defined. New study data are available, particularly for the treatment of gliomas with a mutation of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH). Many (international) studies are currently investigating exciting new therapeutic approaches.

Conclusions The following overview highlights selected aspects of the current multimodal treatment of gliomas in adults and promising innovative approaches for future developments.

Schlüsselwörter

Gliome - WHO-Klassifikation - IDH - MGMT

Key words

Glioma - WHO classification - IDH - MGMT

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