Download PDF
Psychiatr Prax 2024; 51(05): 235-237
DOI: 10.1055/a-2315-2739
Editorial

Ernährungsinterventionen in der Psychiatrie – ein vernachlässigter Baustein für einen gesünderen Lebensstil

Dietary Interventions In Psychiatry – A Neglected Opportunity to Promote Healthy Lifestyles
Sonja Moetteli
1   Zentrum Psychiatrische Rehabilitation, Universitäre Psychiatrische Dienste Bern (UPD), Köniz, Schweiz
,
Annabel S. Mueller-Stierlin
2   Institut für Epidemiologie und Medizinische Biometrie, Universität Ulm, Deutschland
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Ein schlechter körperlicher Gesundheitszustand von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen ist ein vielschichtiges, diagnoseübergreifendes und globales Problem. Meta-Analysen belegten wiederholt, dass das Risiko für Adipositas, Diabetes und Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen bei Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen bis zu doppelt so hoch ist wie in der Allgemeinbevölkerung [1]. Die hohe Rate körperlicher Komorbiditäten ist mit einer erhöhten Belastung und einer reduzierten Lebensqualität der Betroffenen verbunden und führt letztendlich zu einer deutlich verkürzten Lebenserwartung im Vergleich zur Allgemeinbevölkerung [2] [3] [4]. Neben medikamentösen Nebenwirkungen, wie z. B. durch Antipsychotika und Antidepressiva [5], sind Lebensstilfaktoren wie eine reduzierte körperliche Aktivität und ungesunde Ernährungsgewohnheiten maßgeblich für einen schlechten körperlichen Gesundheitszustand von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen verantwortlich [1].



Publication History

Article published online:
11 July 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Firth J, Siddiqi N, Koyanagi A. et al. The Lancet Psychiatry Commission: a blueprint for protecting physical health in people with mental illness. Lancet Psychiatry 2019; 6: 675-712 DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(19)30132-4.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 De Hert M, Correll CU, Bobes J. et al. Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care. World Psychiatry 2011; 10: 52-77 DOI: 10.1002/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00014.x.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Walker ER, McGee RE, Druss BG. Mortality in mental disorders and global disease burden implications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry 2015; 72: 334-341 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.2502.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Fiorillo A, Sartorius N. Mortality gap and physical comorbidity of people with severe mental disorders: the public health scandal. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2021; 20: 52 DOI: 10.1186/s12991-021-00374-y.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Bak M, Fransen A, Janssen J. et al. Almost all antipsychotics result in weight gain: A meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 2014; 9: e94112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094112.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 World Health Organization. Management of physical health conditions in adults with severe mental disorders: WHO guidelines. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Im Internet: https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/275718 Stand: 08.03.2024
    Google Scholar
  • 7 Marx W, Manger SH, Blencowe M. et al. Clinical guidelines for the use of lifestyle-based mental health care in major depressive disorder: World Federation of Societies for Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and Australasian Society of Lifestyle Medicine (ASLM) taskforce. World J Biol Psychiatry 2023; 24: 333-386 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2022.2112074.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Psychosis and schizophrenia in adults: prevention and management. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE); 2014 (NICE Clinical guidelines No. 178)
    PubMed
  • 9 Gühne U, Weinmann S, Riedel-Heller SG. et al. S3-Leitlinie Psychosoziale Therapien bei schweren psychischen Erkrankungen. Berlin, Heidelberg. Springer; Berlin Heidelberg: 2019. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-58284-8
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Mueller-Stierlin AS, Cornet S, Peisser A. et al. Implications of dietary intake and eating behaviors for people with serious mental illness: A qualitative study. Nutrients 2022; 14 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132616.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Richardson K, Petukhova R, Hughes S. et al. The acceptability of lifestyle medicine for the treatment of mental illness: perspectives of people with and without lived experience of mental illness. BMC Public Health 2024; 24: 171 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17683-y.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Hancox LE, Lee PS, Armaghanian N. et al. Nutrition risk screening methods for adults living with severe mental illness: A scoping review. Nutr Diet 2022; 79: 349-363 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12652.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Risch L, Hotzy F, Vetter S. et al. Assessment of nutritional status and risk of malnutrition using adapted standard tools in patients with mental illness and in need of intensive psychiatric treatment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20: 109 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010109.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Mötteli S, Provaznikova B, Vetter S. et al. Examining nutrition knowledge, skills, and eating behaviours in people with severe mental illness: A cross-sectional comparison among psychiatric inpatients, outpatients, and healthy adults. Nutrients 2023; 15: 2136 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092136.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Wasserman D, Arango C, Fiorillo A. et al. Improving mental health through fostering healthy lifestyles in young people: one of the targets in the WPA Action Plan 2023–2026. World Psychiatry 2023; 22: 488-489 DOI: 10.1002/wps.21146.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Dipasquale S, Pariante CM, Dazzan P. et al. The dietary pattern of patients with schizophrenia: a systematic review. J Psychiatr Res 2013; 47: 197-207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.10.005.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Teasdale SB, Ward PB, Samaras K. et al. Dietary intake of people with severe mental illness: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2019; 214: 251-259 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.2019.20.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Teasdale SB, Ward PB, Rosenbaum S. et al. Solving a weighty problem: systematic review and meta-analysis of nutrition interventions in severe mental illness. Br J Psychiatry 2017; 210: 110-118 DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.115.177139.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Peisser AM, Cornet S, Moerkl S. et al. „Aber ohne therapeutische Begleitung, schaffe ich es nicht“ – Exploration von Erfahrungen von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen hinsichtlich der Unterstützung bei ernährungsbezogenen Problemen. Psychiat Prax 2023; DOI: 10.1055/a-2106-7234.
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Teasdale SB, Moerkl S, Moetteli S. et al. The development of a nutrition screening tool for mental health settings prone to obesity and cardiometabolic complications: Study protocol for the NutriMental Screener. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111269.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Mueller-Stierlin AS, Moetteli S, Hotzy F. et al. Feasibility of a multifaceted nutrition-risk screening tool for mental health settings: the NutriMental screener. Submitted. 2024
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Behrend R, Maaz A, Sepke M. et al. Interprofessionelle Teams in der Versorgung. In: Jacobs K, Kuhlmey A, Greß S, Klauber J, Schwinger A, Hrsg. Pflege-Report 2019. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2020: 201-209 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-58935-9_16
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Mörkl S, Stell L, Buhai DV. et al. „An apple a day“?: Psychiatrists, psychologists and psychotherapists report poor literacy for nutritional medicine: International survey spanning 52 countries. Nutrients 2021; 13 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030822.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Teasdale SB, Tripodi E, Harman A, Plain J, Burrows TL. Exploring the role of dietitians in mental health services and the perceived barriers and enablers to service delivery: A cross-sectional study. J Hum Nutr Diet 2023; 36: 1771-1781 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13203.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar