Bildgebende Diagnostik der kindlichen Lunge mit MRT und CT

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Obwohl die Röntgenaufnahme des Thorax nach wie vor das bildgebende Standardverfahren in der pädiatrischen Lungendiagnostik ist, werden die schnittbildgebenden Techniken für spezielle Fragestellungen auch im Kindes- und Jugendalter regelhaft benötigt. Durch beträchtliche technologische Fortschritte haben sich die Möglichkeiten der Lungenbildgebung mittels CT und MRT deutlich erweitert. Wenngleich Strahlenexposition und Untersuchungszeiten von CT-Untersuchungen drastisch gesenkt werden konnten, sind eine akkurate Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung und die Erwägung strahlenfreier Alternativmethoden weiterhin von großer Wichtigkeit. In diesem Zusammenhang kommt die strahlenfreie MRT, die neben der morphologischen Darstellung der Lunge inzwischen auch funktionelle Informationen liefern kann, zunehmend zum Einsatz. Pädiatrische Schnittbildgebung, insbesondere die zeitintensivere MRT, erfordert bei jüngeren Kindern häufig eine Untersuchungsführung in Narkose. Gezielte Konzepte zur Schaffung einer kindgerechten Untersuchungsumgebung in spezialisierten kinderradiologischen Einrichtungen leisten einen Beitrag dazu, die Patientenerfahrung zu optimieren und Narkoseuntersuchungen zu reduzieren.

ABSTRACT

Although chest X-rays are still the standard imaging procedure in pediatric lung diagnostics, cross-sectional imaging techniques are also regularly required for special clinical indications in children and adolescents. Considerable technological advances have significantly expanded the possibilities of lung imaging using CT and MRI. Although radiation exposure and examination times for CT examinations have been drastically reduced, an accurate risk-benefit assessment and consideration of radiation-free alternative methods is still of great importance in terms of radiation safety. In this context, radiation-free MRI is increasingly being used, which can provide functional information in addition to morphological imaging of the lungs. Pediatric cross-sectional imaging, especially the more time-consuming MRI, often requires younger children to be examined under anesthesia. Dedicated concepts for creating a child-friendly examination environment in specialized pediatric radiology departments help to optimize the patient experience and reduce anesthesia examinations.

Schlüsselwörter

Kinderradiologie - Lunge - Strahlenschutz - MRT - CT

Keywords

Pediatric radiology - lung - radiation protection - MRI - CT

Publication History

Article published online:
09 August 2024

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