Die Endoprothetik, insbesondere des Hüftgelenks, gilt als eine der erfolgreichsten Operationen des vergangenen Jahrhunderts. Mit dem Erfolg des Verfahrens haben sich die Ansprüche unserer Patienten an den künstlichen Gelenkersatz in den letzten 30 Jahren sehr gewandelt, nicht nur im Alltag und Beruf, sondern auch im Bereich Sport mit Endoprothese.
Abstract
Arthroplasty of the hip has become one of the most successful surgical interventions and has seen significant advancements over the last century. With these developments, patient expectations have shifted from merely achieving pain-free daily mobility to anticipating a full recovery, including the ability to participate in sports. This shift has driven innovations in prosthetic materials and surgical techniques, such as the development of wear-resistant materials like highly cross-linked polyethylene and the adoption of minimally invasive procedures to enhance recovery.
However, concerns persist among patients about the risks of resuming sports postoperatively, particularly the fear of prosthesis-related accidents or failures. A survey of 300 German surgeons identified periprosthetic fractures as the greatest risk, followed by polyethylene wear and implant loosening. The study also examines osteoporosis as a risk factor, suggesting that while sports can help prevent periprosthetic osteoporosis, high-energy trauma may increase the severity of injuries. Although modern prosthetic materials have reduced wear and improved durability, the type and intensity of physical activity continue to influence prosthesis longevity.
Therefore, it is recommended that low-impact sports be resumed 3–6 months postoperatively, while high-impact sports should be approached with caution, particularly during the first year after surgery, to minimize the risk of complications. Coordination training before and after surgery is also emphasized to reduce the risk of falls and injuries. In summary, the study highlights that high-impact sports cannot be generally recommended, as coordination deficits may persist for up to 12 months following total hip replacement. Such activities should only be considered later-on and only by patients who are experienced in these specific sports.
Schlüsselwörter
Endoprothetik - Gelenkersatz - Rehabilitaiton - Koxarthrose
Keywords
arthroplasty - joint replacement - rehabilitation - coxarthrosis
