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Drug Res (Stuttg)
DOI: 10.1055/a-2418-2200
Original Article

Synthesis and Characterization of Acacia-Stabilized Doxorubicin-Loaded Gold Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer Therapy

Laxmi Devi
1   Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
2   Smt.Vidyawati College of Pharmacy Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Poonam Kushwaha
1   Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
,
Tarique Mahmood Ansari
1   Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
,
Amit Rao
3   Dept. of Ophthalmology, MLB Medical College, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India
,
Ashish Kumar
4   Autonomous Government Medical College, Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract

The targeted delivery of drugs is vital in breast cancer treatment due to its ability to produce long-lasting therapeutic effects with minimal side effects. This study reports the successful development of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX)-loaded colloidal gold nanoparticles stabilized with acacia gum (AG). Optimization studies varied AG concentrations (0.25% to 3% w/v) to determine optimal conditions for nanoparticle synthesis. The resulting acacia stabilized gold nanoparticles (AGNPs) were characterized using various techniques including high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). In vitro drug release studies demonstrated a higher release rate of DOX in sodium acetate buffer (pH 5.0) compared to phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4), suggesting an enhanced therapeutic efficacy in acidic tumor environments. Cytotoxicity of DOX-AGNPs and free DOX was assessed in human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). The DOX-AGNPs exhibited significantly greater cytotoxicity, indicating enhanced efficacy in targeting cancer cells. This enhancement suggests that adsorbing DOX on the surface of gold nanoparticles can improve drug delivery and effectiveness, potentially reducing side effects compared to pure DOX and traditional delivery methods. Stability tests conducted over six months at 25±1°C showed significant changes in particle size and PDI, suggesting limited stability under these conditions. Overall, the acacia-stabilized gold nanoparticles synthesized in this study exhibit promising characteristics for drug delivery applications, particularly in cancer therapy, with effective drug loading, controlled release, and favorable physicochemical properties.

Keywords

green synthesis - gold nanoparticles - breast cancer - acacia gum - doxorubicin hydrochloride


Publication History

Received: 29 July 2024

Accepted: 15 September 2024

Article published online:
08 October 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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