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Kinder- und Jugendmedizin 2025; 25(01): 50-57
DOI: 10.1055/a-2494-3048
Schwerpunkt

Cannabiskonsum und Cannabis-assoziierte psychische Störungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

Cannabis Use and Cannabis-Associated Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents
Tomasz A. Jarczok
1   Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie, KJF Klinik Josefinum, Augsburg
,
Alkomiet Hasan
2   Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Augsburg
3   Deutsches Zentrum für psychische Gesundheit (DZPG), Standort München/Augsburg
,
Gabriele Unterlaß
1   Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und -psychotherapie, KJF Klinik Josefinum, Augsburg
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Zusammenfassung

Cannabis gehört zu den am häufigsten von Jugendlichen konsumierten Suchtmitteln. Vor dem Hintergrund der kürzlich in Deutschland erfolgten Cannabislegalisierung ist auch zukünftig von einer hohen klinischen Relevanz bei Kindern und Jugendlichen auszugehen. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden die Grundlagen und klinischen Aspekte des Cannabiskonsums sowie der damit verbundenen psychischen Störungen bei Jugendlichen vorgestellt. Der Übergang vom Jugend- zum Erwachsenenalter geht mit neurobiologischen Prozessen einher, die junge Cannabis-Konsumenten besonders anfällig für die Entwicklung einer Abhängigkeit und anderer psychischer Störungen machen. Diagnostik und Therapie von Cannabisabhängigkeit und -missbrauch werden unter Berücksichtigung der Besonderheiten bei minderjährigen Personen erörtert und anhand von Kasuistiken veranschaulicht.

Abstract

Cannabis is one of the most commonly used substances among adolescents. In light of the recent legalization of cannabis in Germany, its clinical relevance among children and adolescents is expected to remain high in the future. This review presents the basics and clinical aspects of cannabis use and its associated psychiatric disorders in adolescents. The transition from adolescence to adulthood involves neurobiological processes that make young cannabis users particularly susceptible to developing dependency and other psychiatric disorders. The diagnosis and treatment of cannabis dependence and abuse are discussed with a focus on the specific characteristics and challenges during adolescence and are illustrated through case studies.

Schlüsselwörter

Cannabis - THC - Substanzgebrauch - Abhängigkeit - Psychose - Jugendliche

Keywords

Cannabis - THC - Substance Use - Addiction - Psychosis - Adolescent


Publication History

Article published online:
10 February 2025

© 2025. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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