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DOI: 10.1055/a-2798-4678
Mikrobielle Kontamination von Blasinstrumenten und assoziierte pulmonale Erkrankungen
Microbial contamination of wind instruments and associated pulmonary diseasesAuthors
Zusammenfassung
Durch mikrobielle Kontamination von Blasinstrumenten verursachte Lungenerkrankungen
werden tendenziell unterschätzt. Die Aerosole und Mikrotröpfchen aus den Atemwegen,
die beim Musizieren in das Blasinstrument gelangen, enthalten sowohl nicht-pathogene
als auch pathogene Mikroben. Mikrobiologische Studien haben eine höhere Kontamination
mit vitalen Bakterien, Pilzen und/oder Hefen in Holzblasinstrumenten im Vergleich
zu Metallinstrumenten gezeigt.
Obwohl es einige Hinweise auf eine erhöhte Inzidenz von Atemwegserkrankungen bei Blasinstrumentenspielern
gibt, bedeutet der Nachweis potenzieller Erreger in Blasinstrumenten nicht zwangsläufig,
dass diese Mikroben zu manifesten Lungeninfektionen führen.
Jede Art von Blasinstrument kann mit Mikroben kontaminiert sein, die mit einer exogenen
allergischen Alveolitis (EAA) assoziiert sind. Es wurden inzwischen eine Reihe von
Fallberichten veröffentlicht, die über EAA, z.B. bei Saxophonisten („Saxophon-Lunge“),
Dudelsack-Spielern („Dudelsack-Lunge“) oder Posaunisten („Blechbläseralveolitis“)
berichten. Die EAA ist unter Blasinstrumenten häufiger als bisher angenommen. Daher
sollte bei einer EAA unklarer Ursache die Anamnese bzgl. Muszieren mit Blasinstrumenten
erweitert und gegebenenfalls den Instrumenten entnommenes Material mikrobiologisch
untersucht werden.
Den Musikern wird empfohlen, die Blasinstrumente nicht nur regelmäßig zu reinigen,
sondern auch zu desinfizieren.
Abstract
Pulmonary diseases of musicians who play wind instruments that may be caused by microbial
contamination of the instruments tend to be underestimated. The
aerosols and microdroplets from the respiratory tract that enter the wind instrument
when
playing music contain both non-pathogenic and pathogenic microbes. Microbiological
studies
have shown a higher contamination of vital bacteria, fungi, and/or yeast in woodwind
instruments compared to metal instruments.
Although there are some signs of increased
incidence of respiratory diseases in wind instrument players, the detection of potential
pathogens in wind instruments does not necessarily mean that these microbes lead to
manifest
lung infections.
Any type of wind instrument can be contaminated with microbes associated
with Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP). A series of case reports have been published
dealing with HP, in particular in saxophone players (“Sax lung”) and bagpipe players
(“Bagpipe lung”). HP is more common among musicians playing wind
instruments than previously thought. Therefore, in cases of HP of unclear cause, the
medical
history should be extended to include playing wind instruments and, if necessary,
material
taken from the instruments should be examined microbiologically.
It is recommended that
musicians regularly not only clean but also disinfect their wind instruments.
Schlüsselwörter
mikrobielle Kontamination - Blasinstrumente - pulmonale Erkrankung - exogen allergische Alveoloitis - DesinfektionKeywords
microbial contamination - wind instruments - pulmonary diseases - hypersensitivity pneumonitis - disinfectionPublication History
Received: 30 July 2025
Accepted after revision: 24 January 2026
Article published online:
16 February 2026
© 2026. Thieme. All rights reserved.
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
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