Patients with early stage hypopharyngeal carcinoma can be treated with endoscopic resection. However, strict indication for endoscopic resection in cases of hypopharyngeal carcinoma is unclear. In this paper, we evaluated the long-term outcome after endoscopic resection in patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma invading the subepithelium. Among 16 patients with hypopharyngeal carcinoma who underwent endoscopic resection, eight patients who were histologically confirmed to have tumors with shallow invasion of the subepithelium were studied. Depth of tumor invasion in the subepithelium in those patients ranged from 300 to 720 µm (mean ± SD, 490 ± 140 µm). During a median follow-up period of 40 months, none of the eight patients had local recurrence or metastasis. Kaplan-Meier estimates of relapse-free survival rates at 5 years in the eight patients were 100 %. The results of this study suggest that hypopharyngeal carcinoma with slight invasion to the subepithelium can be successfully treated by endoscopic resection.
References
-
1
Shimizu Y, Tsukagoshi H, Asaka M. et al .
Head and neck cancer arising after endoscopic mucosal resection for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
Endoscopy.
2003;
35
322-326
-
2
Muto M, Nakane M, Yoshida S. et al .
Squamous cell carcinoma in situ at oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal mucosal sites.
Cancer.
2004;
101
1375-1381
-
3
Shimizu Y, Yamamoto J, Asaka M. et al .
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for treatment of early stage hypopharyngeal carcinoma.
Gastrointest Endosc.
2006;
64
255-259
-
4
Makuuchi H.
Endoscopic mucosal resection for early esophageal cancer – indication and techniques.
Dig Endosc.
1996;
8
175-179
-
5
Kodama M, Kakegawa T.
Treatment of superficial cancer of the esophagus: a summary of the responses to a questionnaire on superficial cancer of the esophagus in Japan.
Surgery.
1998;
123
432-439
-
6
The Paris endoscopic classification of superficial neoplastic lesions: esophagus, stomach, and colon: November 30 to December 1, 2002 [review].
Gastrointest Endosc.
2003;
58 (Suppl 6)
S3-S43
-
7
Inoue H, Endo M, Takeshita K. et al .
A new simplified technique of endoscopic mucosal resection using a cap-fitted panendoscope (EMRC).
Surg Endosc.
1992;
6
264-265
-
8
Inoue H, Tani M, Nagai K. et al .
Treatment of esophageal and gastric tumors.
Endoscopy.
1999;
31
47-55
-
9
Ono H, Kondo H, Yoshida S. et al .
Endoscopic mucosal resection for treatment of early gastric cancer.
Gut.
2001;
48
151-152
-
10
Yamamoto H.
Endoscopic submucosal dissection of early cancers and large flat adenomas.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol.
2005;
7
S74-S76
-
11
Oyama T, Tomori A, Miyata Y. et al .
Endoscopic submucosal dissection of early esophageal cancer.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol.
2005;
7
S67-S70
-
12
Yoshida T, Shimizu Y, Asaka M. et al .
Early-stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma of the epiglottis treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection.
Endoscopy.
2008;
40 Suppl 2
E204-E205
-
13
Johansen L V, Grau C, Overgaard J.
Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma – treatment results in 138 consecutively admitted patients.
Acta Oncol.
2000;
39
529-536
-
14
de Raeff A, de Eeuw J R, Ros W J. et al .
Long-term quality of life of patients with head and neck cancer.
Laryngoscope.
2000;
110
98-106
-
15
Fang F M, Tsai L W, Chien C Y. et al .
Changing quality life in patients with advanced head and neck cancer after primary radiotherapy or chemoradiation.
Oncology.
2005;
68
405-413
-
16 National Comprehensive Cancer Network: Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. Head Neck Cancers. v. 2. 2008. Available at http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/PDF/head-and-neck.pdf
-
17
Layland M K, Sessions D G, Lenox J.
The influence of lymph node metastasis in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx: N0 versus N+.
Laryngoscope.
2005;
115
629-639
-
18 Sobin L H, Wittekind C H. (eds) .Union Internationale Contre le Cancer: TNM classification of malignant tumours. 6th edn. New York; Wiley-Liss 2002: 27-35
Y. ShimizuMD
Third Department of Internal Medicine
Hokkaido University Hospital
Kita 15 jo
Nishi 7 chome
Kitaku
Sapporo 060-8638
Japan
Fax: +81-11-7067867
Email: yshimizu@med.hokudai.ac.jp
